1 Maccabees
Chapter 1
1 1 After Alexander the Macedonian, Philip's son, who came from the land of Kittim, had defeated Darius, king of the Persians and Medes, he became king in his place, having first ruled in Greece.
马其顿人、斐理伯的儿子亚历山大由基廷地出击，战胜了波斯和玛待国王达理阿以后，遂代之为王，成为第一位希腊王。
2 He fought many campaigns, captured fortresses, and put kings to death.
他身经百战，攻占了许多要塞，斩杀了各地的君王，
3 He advanced to the ends of the earth, gathering plunder from many nations; the earth fell silent before him, and his heart became proud and arrogant.
踏遍了大地四极，掳掠了许多民族的财物，以致大地在他面前都肃静无言，因此他心高气傲妄自尊大。
4 He collected a very strong army and conquered provinces, nations, and rulers, and they became his tributaries.
他统帅精锐的军队，征服了各地、各族、各王，使他们向他纳税进贡。
5 But after all this he took to his bed, realizing that he was going to die.
此后，当他患病在床，自觉将要去世的时候，
6 He therefore summoned his officers, the nobles, who had been brought up with him from his youth, to divide his kingdom among them while he was still alive.
召集了与他自幼长大成人，身为贵族的同僚，乘自己还活着的时候，把国家分给他们。
7 2 Alexander had reigned twelve years when he died.
亚历山大为王十二年去了世。
8 So his officers took over his kingdom, each in his own territory,
于是他的同僚各据一方，
9 and after his death they all put on royal crowns, and so did their sons after them for many years, causing much distress over the earth.
他死后，各自加冕称王，他们和继位的子孙，以后多年之久，所做的恶事遍布全国。
10 3 There sprang from these a sinful offshoot, Antiochus Epiphanes, son of King Antiochus, once a hostage at Rome. He became king in the year one hundred and thirty-seven of the kingdom of the Greeks.
从他们中出生了一条祸根，就是安提约古的儿子安提约古丕法乃，他曾在罗马做质，于希腊帝国一三七年登极为王。
11 In those days there appeared in Israel men who were breakers of the law, and they seduced many people, saying:＂Let us go and make an alliance with the Gentiles all around us; since we separated from them, many evils have come upon us.＂
那时，在以色列人中出现一些歹徒，煽惑民众说：＂我们去和我们四邻的外方人立约，因为自从与他们绝交以来，就遭遇了许多患难。”
12 The proposal was agreeable;
这种舆论很受当时人的欢迎；
13 some from among the people promptly went to the king, and he authorized them to introduce the way of living of the Gentiles.
遂有一些人极为兴奋，便去朝觐国王，国王就批准他们采用外邦的礼俗。
14 4 Thereupon they built a gymnasium in Jerusalem according to the Gentile custom.
他们便照外邦人的风俗，在耶路撒冷修建了一座体育场，
15 They covered over the mark of their circumcision and abandoned the holy covenant; they allied themselves with the Gentiles and sold themselves to wrongdoing.
且弥补割损的痕迹，背离圣约，为服从外邦人的规律，自甘堕落。
16 When his kingdom seemed secure, Antiochus proposed to become king of Egypt, so as to rule over both kingdoms.
安提约古见自己的王位业已巩固，便企图统治埃及，愿作两国的君王，
17 5 He invaded Egypt with a strong force, with chariots and elephants, and with a large fleet,
遂率领大军、战车、象队、骑兵及庞大的舰队进攻埃及，
18 to make war on Ptolemy, king of Egypt. Ptolemy was frightened at his presence and fled, leaving many casualties.
与埃及王仆托肋米交战，仆托肋米竟临阵而逃，士兵伤亡惨重。
19 The fortified cities in the land of Egypt were captured, and Antiochus plundered the land of Egypt.
于是埃及国设防的各城全部陷落了，财产被抢掠一空。
20 6 After Antiochus had defeated Egypt in the year one hundred and forty-three, he returned and went up to Israel and to Jerusalem with a strong force.
安提约古征服埃及以后，于一四三年回国时，北上以色列，率领大军直逼耶路撒冷。
21 He insolently invaded the sanctuary and took away the golden altar, the lampstand for the light with all its fixtures,
他不管不顾地进入了圣所，搬走了金祭坛、灯台及所有器皿，
22 the offering table, the cups and the bowls, the golden censers, the curtain, the crowns, and the golden ornament on the facade of the temple. He stripped off everything,
供饼的供桌、奠酒器、杯盘、金香炉、帐幔和冠冕，连圣殿正面的金饰都洗劫得一干二净；
23 and took away the gold and silver and the precious vessels; he also took all the hidden treasures he could find.
还拿去了金银和贵重的器皿，凡寻到的珍藏宝物，都带走了。
24 Taking all this, he went back to his own country, after he had spoken with great arrogance and shed much blood.
而且带着这些东西回国的时候，肄意屠杀，还说了狂傲的大话；
25 And there was great mourning for Israel, in every place where they dwelt,
因此在以色列人中，遍地哀声，
26 and the rulers and the elders groaned. Virgins and young men languished, and the beauty of the women was disfigured.
首领长老无不呻吟长叹，处女处男全都消瘦，妇女花容失色，
27 Every bridegroom took up lamentation, she who sat in the bridal chamber mourned,
新郎吟出悲调，坐在洞房里的新娘，饮泣啼哭，
28 And the land was shaken on account of its inhabitants, and all the house of Jacob was covered with shame.
大地为其居民的命运而摇撼，雅各伯全家都蒙羞受辱。
29 Two years later, the king sent the Mysian commander to the cities of Judah, and he came to Jerusalem with a strong force.
过了两年，王派遣一位贡物总管走遍犹大各城。他率领大军来到耶路撒冷，
30 He spoke to them deceitfully in peaceful terms, and won their trust. Then he attacked the city suddenly, in a great onslaught, and destroyed many of the people in Israel.
假意向居民发表一些和平的言论，人都相信了他；但是他乘人不备，攻入城内，大加屠杀，死了很多以色列人；
31 He plundered the city and set fire to it, demolished its houses and its surrounding walls,
又洗劫全城，放火焚烧，折毁了民房和四周的垣墙，
32 took captive the women and children, and seized the cattle.
俘掳了妇女幼童，抢走了牲畜，
33 7 Then they built up the City of David with a high, massive wall and strong towers, and it became their citadel.
又在达昧城设防，筑起高大的垣墙，修筑坚固的碉堡，作为他们的堡垒；
34 There they installed a sinful race, perverse men, who fortified themselves inside it,
在那里派了罪恶滔天的外邦人和无法无天的人为军人，以加强他们的兵力；
35 storing up weapons and provisions, and depositing there the plunder they had collected from Jerusalem. And they became a great threat.
又储蓄了武器和给养，把从耶路撒冷掠来的物资，贮藏在里面；因此这堡垒成了极危险的陷阱，
36 The citadel became an ambush against the sanctuary, and a wicked adversary to Israel at all times.
为圣殿常是一种威胁，为以色列人民常是一个恶敌，
37 And they shed innocent blood around the sanctuary; they defiled the sanctuary.
他们常在圣殿的周围杀害无辜，玷污圣殿。
38 Because of them the inhabitants of Jerusalem fled away, and she became the abode of strangers. She became a stranger to her own offspring, and her children forsook her.
为了他们的缘故，耶路撒冷的居民各处逃亡，圣城成了异民的居所，为本城的子女却变成了异乡，城中子女都离弃了故土。
39 Her sanctuary was as desolate as a wilderness; her feasts were turned into mourning, Her sabbaths to shame, her honor to contempt.
圣殿被弃有如旷野，喜庆节日变为悲痛哀伤，安息日变为讥讽，光荣成了耻辱。
40 Her dishonor was as great as her glory had been, and her exalation was turned into mourning.
从前有多少光荣，今日就有多少耻辱；壮丽竟化为愁肠！
41 Then the king wrote to his whole kingdom that all should be one people,
王随后谕令全国，各国民族应合成一个民族，
42 each abandoning his particular customs. All the Gentiles conformed to the command of the king,
全放弃本国固有的礼俗。于是各外邦民族都表示服从君王的谕令，
43 and many Israelites were in favor of his religion; they sacrificed to idols and profaned the sabbath.
也有许多以色列人甘心接受了他的宗教，向偶像献祭，亵渎安息日。
44 The king sent messengers with letters to Jerusalem and to the cities of Judah, ordering them to follow customs foreign to their land;
王又派遣使臣带着诏书到耶路撒冷及犹大各城去，令人随从外邦的礼俗，
45 to prohibit holocausts, sacrifices, and libations in the sanctuary, to profane the sabbaths and feast days,
废止圣殿内举行的全燔祭、和平祭与奠祭，禁止遵守安息日和庆节，
46 to desecrate the sanctuary and the sacred ministers,
侮辱圣殿和神职人员，
47 to build pagan altars and temples and shrines, to sacrifice swine and unclean animals,
且修筑祭坛、殿宇和寺庙，供奉偶像，宰杀猪和不洁的牲畜作祭献，
48 to leave their sons uncircumcised, and to let themselves be defiled with every kind of impurity and abomination,
不准给孩子行割损，且行各样不洁和亵读的事，自陷罪污，
49 so that they might forget the law and change all their observances.
使人忘却法律，废除礼规。
50 Whoever refused to act according to the command of the king should be put to death.
凡不遵从王命的人，死无赦。
51 Such were the orders he published throughout his kingdom. He appointed inspectors over all the people, and he ordered the cities of Judah to offer sacrifices, each city in turn.
王便按照上边的话向全国写了谕文，也给所有百姓派了监察员，走遍犹大各城，督催人民祭献。
52 Many of the people, those who abandoned the law, joined them and committed evil in the land.
百姓中有许多背教的人附和他们，在国内犯罪作恶，
53 Israel was driven into hiding, wherever places of refuge could be found.
因此迫使一些以色列人逃避，去了能避难的隐秘地方。
54 8 On the fifteenth day of the month Chislev, in the year one hundred and forty-five, the king erected the horrible abomination upon the altar of holocausts, and in the surrounding cities of Judah they built pagan altars.
一四五年＂基色娄＂月十五日，王在祭坛上立了一个可憎恶的邪物，同时在犹大各城修筑了祭坛，
55 They also burnt incense at the doors of houses and in the streets.
在各家门前及街市上焚香；
56 9 Any scrolls of the law which they found they tore up and burnt.
凡找到的法律书都撕毁焚烧，
57 Whoever was found with a scroll of the covenant, and whoever observed the law, was condemned to death by royal decree.
凡搜出存有约书或恪守法律者，不论是谁，都应按谕令处死。
58 So they used their power against Israel, against those who were caught, each month, in the cities.
有人在各城内每月搜查，发见违命的以色列人，就用暴力处置；
59 On the twenty-fifth day of each month they sacrificed on the altar erected over the altar of holocausts.
每月二十五日，在建于全燔祭坛上的祭坛上献祭；
60 Women who had had their children circumcised were put to death, in keeping with the decree,
那些给孩子行割损的妇女，他们都按谕令，
61 with the babies hung from their necks; their families also and those who had circumcised them were killed.
把孩子悬在她们脖子上，一同处死；甚至她们的家属，及执行割损者，亦应处死。
62 But many in Israel were determined and resolved in their hearts not to eat anything unclean;
虽然如此，仍有许多以色列人坚持不变，决不吃不洁之物，
63 they preferred to die rather than to be defiled with unclean food or to profane the holy covenant; and they did die. Terrible affliction was upon Israel.…
宁愿舍生，而不愿因吃禁食而自污，更不愿亵读圣约；因此他们被判处死刑。这实在是天主向以色列人发的盛怒。
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Footnotes（注解）
1 [1] Land of Kittim: Greece. The name referred originally to inhabitants of Kiti, capital of the isle of Cyprus, then to any Cypriots (Isaiah 23:1; Jeremiah 2:10), later to Greeks in general, and finally even to Romans. See note on Daniel 11:30. Darius: Darius III, Codoman (336-331 B.C.).
2 [7] Twelve years: 336-323 B.C.
3 [10] The year one hundred and thirty-seven: Antiochus IV seized the throne in September, 175 B.C. Dates are given in this book according to the Seleucid era, which however was reckoned in two different ways. Antiochians considered this date to be October, 312 B.C. (Syrian calendar), while Babylonians and Jewish priests accepted April, 311 B.C. as the commencement of the era (temple calendar). The author of 1 Macc dates political events by the Syrian calendar but religious events by the temple calendar. Accordingly, the civil New Year occurred variously in September or October, the religious New Year in March or April.
4 [14] Gymnasium: symbol and center of athletic and intellectual life, it was the chief instrument of Hellenistic propaganda. Jewish youth were attracted by sports and encouraged to join youth clubs. They received training in military skills and in the duties of citizens. Through participation in the intellectual life, many were gradually won over to paganism.
5 [17] Elephants: an important part of Seleucid armament. About 300 B.C. Seleucus I, founder of the dynasty, procured five hundred of them from India; cf 1 Macc 6:34-37.
6 [20] Defeated Egypt in the year one hundred and forty-three: 169 B.C. No mention is made in 1 Mc of the second expedition to Egypt a year later, described in 2 Macc 5:1, 11; Daniel 11:25, 19 records both.
7 [33] City of David: not Mount Zion on the eastern hill of Jerusalem, which David captured from the Jebusites (2 Sam 5:7), but a new fortress built on the western hill and overlooking the temple and its courts on Mount Zion. It was occupied for twenty-six years by the Syro-Macedonian garrison, together with apostate Jews, and was a continual threat to the temple and the Jewish people (1 Macc 1:36); cf 1 Macc 13:49-51.
8 [54] Fifteenth day of the month Chislev, in the year one hundred and forty-five: December 6, 167 B.C. Horrible abomination: in the original Hebrew, a contemptuous pun on the title＂Lord of heaven＂ given to the god Zeus Olympios, to whom an image or perhaps an altar was erected upon the altar of holocausts in the temple of Jerusalem; cf Daniel 9:27; 11:31.
9 [56-57] Scrolls of the law: one or more of the first five books of the Old Testament.