1 Maccabees
Chapter 10
1 1 In the year one hundred and sixty, Alexander, who was called Epiphanes, son of Antiochus, came up and took Ptolemais. He was accepted and began to reign there.
一百六十年，安提约古的儿子亚历山大厄丕法乃上去，占领了仆托肋买，人民欢迎他在那里为王。
2 When King Demetrius heard of it, he mustered a very large army and marched out to engage him in combat.
德默特琉王听说这事，就集合大军，去与他交战。
3 Demetrius sent a letter to Jonathan written in peaceful terms, to pay him honor;
同时德默特琉致书约纳堂，言辞温和，且提高他的权位，
4 for he said: ＂Let us be the first to make peace with him, before he makes peace with Alexander against us,
因为德默特琉说：＂我们要赶快与他缔约和好，免得他先与亚历山大联合，反抗我们，
5 since he will remember all the wrongs we have done to him, his brothers, and his nation.＂
又恐怕他还记念我们对他的兄弟及他的百姓所行的恶事。＂
6 So Demetrius authorized him to gather an army and procure arms as his ally; and he ordered that the hostages in the citadel be released to him.
于是，便将调集军队及准备军械的权柄交给约纳堂，将他看作自己的同盟，又下令将堡垒里的人质，交还给他。
7 Accordingly Jonathan went up to Jerusalem and read the letter to all the people. The men in the citadel
约纳堂来到耶路撒冷，当着百姓及住在堡垒里的人面前，宣读了这封书信。
8 were struck with fear when they heard that the king had given him authority to gather an army.
堡垒里的人一听王给了他调集军队的权柄，都很害怕。
9 They released the hostages to Jonathan, and he gave them back to their parents.
他们便将人质交还给约纳堂，约纳堂再转交给各人的父母。
10 Thereafter Jonathan dwelt in Jerusalem, and began to build and restore the city.
以后约纳堂住在耶路撒冷开始重修京城，使之恢复旧观。
11 He ordered the workmen to build the walls and encircle Mount Zion with square stones for its fortification, which they did.
他命令工人，用方石修筑垣墙和熙雍山的四周，以作防御；他们就这样作了。
12 The foreigners in the strongholds that Bacchides had built, took flight;
住在巴基德所修建的堡垒里的外方人，都已逃走，
13 each one of them left his place and returned to his own country.
各人都离开岗位，回到本国，
14 Only in Beth-zur did some remain of those who had abandoned the law and the commandments, for they used it as a place of refuge.
只在贝特族尔，还留下几个背弃法律，不守诫命的人，因为那里是避难藏身的地方。
15 King Alexander heard of the promises that Demetrius had made to Jonathan; he was also told of the battles and valiant deeds of Jonathan and his brothers and the troubles that they had endured.
那时，亚历山大王听到德默特琉允许给约纳堂的事，同时还有人将约纳堂及他弟兄们的作战，英勇事迹和遭遇的打击等，给他述说了，
16 He said, ＂Shall we ever find another man like him? Let us now make him our friend and ally.＂
就说：＂难道我们还能找到这样的一个人吗？我们要使他成为我们的朋友，作我们的同盟！＂
17 So he sent Jonathan a letter written in these terms:
遂写信给约纳堂，信上说：
18 ＂King Alexander sends greetings to his brother Jonathan.
＂亚历山大王祝约纳堂兄安好！
19 We have heard of you, that you are a mighty warrior and worthy to be our friend.
听说你是英勇有力之士，适合作我们的朋友。
20 We have therefore appointed you today to be high priest of your nation; you are to be called the King's Friend, and you are to look after our interests and preserve amity with us.＂ He also sent him a purple robe and a crown of gold.
现今我委任你作你百姓的大司祭，并称你是君王的朋友，——同时给他送来紫袍和金冠——愿你关心我们的事，与我们保持友谊！＂
21 2 Jonathan put on the sacred vestments in the seventh month of the year one hundred and sixty at the feast of Booths, and he gathered an army and procured many arms.
一百六十年七月帐棚节日，约纳堂乃穿上圣服，调集军队，并准备了大批武器。
22 When Demetrius heard of these things, he was distressed and said:
德默特琉一听说了这事，便忧闷地说：
23 ＂Why have we allowed Alexander to get ahead of us by gaining the friendship of the Jews and thus strengthening himself?
＂我们怎么竟让亚历山大在我们之先与犹太人结为友好，作为后盾？
24 I too will write them conciliatory words and offer dignities and gifts, so that they may be an aid to me.＂
我也要用委婉的言辞，许以地位和礼品，给他们写信，诱导他们也作我的助手。＂
25 So he sent them this message: ＂King Demetrius sends greetings to the Jewish nation.
于是给犹太人写了以下的信说：＂默德特琉王祝犹太民族安好！
26 We have heard how you have kept the treaty with us and continued in our friendship and not gone over to our enemies, and we are glad.
由于你们持守以前与我们订立的条约，保持了我们之间的友谊，没有与我们的仇敌联合，我们听了很是高兴。
27 Continue, therefore, to keep faith with us, and we will reward you with favors in return for what you do in our behalf.
现在，若你们继续忠于我们，你们为我们做的一切，我们必破格还报：
28 We will grant you many exemptions and will bestow gifts on you.
给你们种种豁免，赠与你们各种礼品。
29 ＂I now free you, as I also exempt all the Jews, from the tribute, the salt tax, and the crown levies.
现在豁免你们全犹太人的丁税、盐税和王冠金。
30 3 Instead of collecting the third of the grain and the half of the fruit of the trees that should be my share, I renounce the right from this day forward: Neither now nor in the future will I collect them from the land of Judah or from the three districts annexed from Samaria.
由犹大本地，及划归犹太的撒玛黎雅和加里肋亚的三个地区，我所得出产的三分之一和树上果实的一半，今日都一概豁兔，由今日起直到永远。
31 Let Jerusalem and her territory, her tithes and her tolls, be sacred and free from tax.
耶路撒冷应是圣的，所以这城及其四郊，免交什一之物和赋税。
32 I also yield my authority over the citadel in Jerusalem, and I transfer it to the high priest, that he may put in it such men as he shall choose to guard it.
对于耶路撒冷堡垒的权利，我也放弃，让与大司祭，他可任意委任自己拣选的人，驻在那里护守。
33 Every one of the Jews who has been carried into captivity from the land of Judah into any part of my kingdom I set at liberty without ransom; and let all their taxes, even those on their cattle, be canceled.
凡从犹大地掳至我国的犹太人，我都恢复他们的自由，毫无代价，而且还豁免他们的赋税和牲畜税。
34 Let all feast days, sabbaths, new moon festivals, appointed days, and the three days that precede each feast day, and the three days that follow, be days of immunity and exemption for every Jew in my kingdom.
凡一切的节日、安息日、朔日、指定的庆日，以及各庆节前后三日，为住在我国内的一切犹太人，都成为享有特权与免役的日子：
35 Let no man have authority to exact payment from them or to molest any of them in any matter.
为一切事件，谁也无权干涉及骚扰他们中任何一人。
36 ＂Let thirty thousand Jews be enrolled in the king's army and allowances be given them, as is due to all the king's soldiers.
可招募三万犹太人加入王家军队，所给军饷，与一切王家军队同。
37 Let some of them be stationed in the king's principal strongholds, and of these let some be given positions of trust in the affairs of the kingdom. Let their superiors and their rulers be taken from among them, and let them follow their own laws, as the king has commanded in the land of Judah.
从这些人中，抽调一部分，分驻在国王的主要堡垒里；再由这些人中，选拔一部分，出任国家信托的职位；还可将自己的人派作他们的官员和将领，按照自己的法律行事，正如王从前在犹大地命令过的一样。
38 ＂Let the three districts that have been added to Judea from the province of Samaria be incorporated with Judea so that they may be under one man and obey no other authority than the high priest.
由撒玛黎雅境内，划归犹太的三区，应与犹太合并为一，全受一人的统治，除大司祭外，不应听从别人。
39 Ptolemais and its confines I give as a present to the sanctuary in Jerusalem for the necessary expenses of the sanctuary.
我将仆托肋买及其所属，赠予耶路撤冷的圣所，其收入作为圣所需要的经费。
40 I make a yearly personal grant of fifteen thousand silver shekels out of the royal revenues, from appropriate places.
我每年由丰富之地纳入王库的银钱，拨出一万五千＂协刻耳＂。凡前几年，官员们所没有缴纳的银钱，从现在起，他们都得交还，以作圣殿的经费。
41 All the additional funds that the officials did not hand over as they had done in the first years, shall henceforth be handed over for the services of the temple.
凡前几年，官员们所没有缴纳的银钱，从现在起，他们都得交还，以作圣殿的经费。
42 Moreover, the dues of five thousand silver shekels that used to be taken from the revenue of the sanctuary every year shall be canceled, since these funds belong to the priests who perform the services.
此外，每年由圣所的收入内，征收＂五千银钱协刻耳＂也一概豁免，因为这笔钱，应归那些尽圣职的司祭所有。
43 Whoever takes refuge in the temple of Jerusalem or in any of its precincts, because of money he owes the king, or because of any other debt, shall be released, together with all the goods he possesses in my kingdom.
凡到耶路撒冷圣殿，或殿院内逃避国债与私债的，都一律赦兔；至于他在我国内的一切仍归他所有。
44 The cost of rebuilding and restoring the structures of the sanctuary shall be covered out of the royal revenue.
为建筑及修理圣所的工程，花费也由王库支付。
45 Likewise the cost of building the walls of Jerusalem and fortifying it all around, and of building walls in Judea, shall be donated from the royal revenue.＂
凡为修筑耶路撒冷的城墙，及其四周的堡垒，以及犹太各地的城墙，所用的经费，都由王库支付。＂
46 When Jonathan and the people heard these words, they neither believed nor accepted them, for they remembered the great evil that Demetrius had done in Israel, and how sorely he had afflicted them.
约纳堂与百姓听了这些话，既不相信，也不接受，因为都还记得：他加给以色列的一切灾难，及怎样虐待了他们。
47 They therefore decided in favor of Alexander, for he had been the first to address them peaceably, and they remained his allies for the rest of his life.
何况亚历山大首先与他们和谈，于是他们拥护他，与他永结同盟。
48 King Alexander gathered together a large army and encamped opposite Demetrius.
那时，亚历山大王集合大军，出发攻打德默特琉。
49 The two kings joined battle, and when the army of Demetrius fled, Alexander pursued him, and overpowered his soldiers.
两王互相交锋，亚历山大的军队败退，德默特琉追赶，大获胜利。
50 He pressed the battle hard until sunset, and Demetrius fell that day.
但亚历山大仍继续苦战，直到日落，德默特琉竟在这天阵亡。
51 Alexander sent ambassadors to Ptolemy, king of Egypt, with this message:
亚历山大于是派遣使者，到埃及王仆托肋米前，这样说：
52 ＂Now that I have returned to my realm, taken my seat on the throne of my fathers, and established my rule by crushing Demetrius and gaining control of my country—
＂自从我回到祖国，便坐上了我祖先的宝座，因为我战胜德默特琉，得掌握主权，且占据我们的土地。——
53 for I engaged him in battle, defeated him and his army, and recovered the royal throne—
原来我与他宣战，打败他和他的军队，就坐上他的王位；——
54 let us now establish friendship with each other. Give me your daughter for my wife; and as your son-in-law, I will give to you and to her gifts worthy of you.＂
现在，让我们彼此结好，请将你女儿嫁给我为妻，我做你的女婿，且将相称于你的礼物，送给你和她。＂
55 King Ptolemy answered in these words: ＂Happy the day on which you returned to the land of your fathers and took your seat on their royal throne!
仆托肋米王回答说：＂你回归祖国，登上你祖先王位的那一天，真是个好日子！
56 I will do for you what you have written; but meet me in Ptolemais, so that we may see each other, and I will become your father-in-law as you have proposed.＂
如今我要按你所写的实行，可是请你亲到仆托肋买，我们彼此会面，我要按你说的，使你作我的女婿。＂
57 4 So Ptolemy with his daughter Cleopatra set out from Egypt and came to Ptolemais in the year one hundred and sixty-two.
一百六十二年，仆托肋米和他的女儿克娄帕达，离开埃及，来到仆托肋买。
58 There King Alexander met him, and Ptolemy gave him his daughter Cleopatra in marriage. Their wedding was celebrated at Ptolemais with great splendor according to the custom of kings.
亚历山大王来欢迎他，他就把女儿克娄帕达给亚历山大为妻，并在仆托肋买，按王礼隆重的举行了婚礼。
59 King Alexander also wrote to Jonathan to come and meet him.
那时，亚历山大王也给约纳堂写信，请他来与自己会面。
60 So he went with pomp to Ptolemais, where he met the two kings and gave them and their friends silver and gold and many gifts and thus won their favor.
约纳堂便堂堂正正地来到了仆托肋买，与二王会面，也给他们和他们的朋友，送来金银并许多礼品，深得他们的欢心。
61 Some pestilent Israelites, transgressors of the law, united against him to accuse him, but the king paid no heed to them.
那时以色列有些歹徒，即违背法律的人，聚集起来控告他，无如国王置之不理，
62 He ordered Jonathan to be divested of his ordinary garments and to be clothed in royal purple; and so it was done.
王反命人脱去约纳堂的衣服，给他穿上紫袍。人就照样作了。
63 The king also had him seated at his side. He said to his magistrates: ＂Go with him to the center of the city and make a proclamation that no one is to bring charges against him on any grounds or be troublesome to him in any way.＂
王又叫他坐在自己身边，向官员说：＂你们陪着他往城里去，宣布说：无论因为什么事，不得控告他；在一切事上，不得干扰他。＂
64 When his accusers saw the honor paid to him in the proclamation, and the purple with which he was clothed, they all fled.
那时，控告他的人，一见他身披紫袍，享受的光荣如所宣布的一样，就都逃走了。
65 The king also honored him by numbering him among his Chief Friends and made him military commander and governor of the province.
国王为光荣他，又将他列入一等朋友中，并且封他为统帅，为总督。
66 So Jonathan returned in peace and happiness to Jerusalem.
约纳堂然后平安回到耶路撤冷，非常喜欢。
67 5 In the year one hundred and sixty-five, Demetrius, son of Demetrius, came from Crete to the land of his fathers.
一百六十五年，德默特琉的儿子德默特琉，由克里特回到祖国。
68 When King Alexander heard of it he was greatly troubled, and returned to Antioch.
亚历山大王听说这消息，很是忧愁，就回到安提约基雅去。
69 Demetrius appointed Apollonius governor of Coelesyria. Having gathered a large army, Appollonius pitched his camp at Jamnia. From there he sent this message to Jonathan the high priest:
德默特琉立阿颇罗尼为切肋叙利亚的总督。阿颇罗尼遂集合大军，在雅木尼雅扎营，且派人去见大司祭约纳堂说：
70 ＂You are the only one who resists us. I am laughed at and put to shame on your account. Why are you displaying power against us in the mountains?
＂只有你起来攻击我们，因为你的缘故，我为人耻笑，受人非难，你为什么在山上向我们示威呢？
71 If you have confidence in your forces, come down now to us in the plain, and let us test each other's strength there; the city forces are on my side.
所以现在，如果你仗恃兵力，就请下到平原，到我们这里，彼此较量一下，因为我有许多城池可倚恃。
72 Inquire and learn who I am and who the others are who are helping me. Men say that you cannot make a stand against us because your fathers were twice put to flight in their own land.
你要查询一下我是谁，其他作我们后盾的又是谁。人都说，你们决不能抵抗我们，因为你的祖先，曾在自己的土地上，逃跑过两次。
73 Now you too will be unable to withstand our cavalry and such a force as this in the plain, where there is not a stone or a pebble or a place to flee.＂
现在这平原里没有石头，也没有盘石，更没有逃避的地方，你决不能抵抗骑兵，和这么多的军队。＂
74 When Jonathan heard the message of Apollonius, he was roused. Choosing ten thousand men, he set out from Jerusalem, and Simon his brother joined him to help him.
约纳堂一听阿颇罗尼的这些话，勃然大怒，挑选了一万人，从耶路撒冷出发，他哥哥息孟也与他会合，给他助战。
75 He pitched camp near Joppa, but the men in the city shut him out because Apollonius had a garrison there. When the Jews besieged it,
他便在约培对面扎了营。城里的人关了城门，因为约培城内有阿颇罗尼的军队。犹太人于是攻城，
76 6 the men of the city became afraid and opened the gates, and so Jonathan took possession of Joppa.
城中人心里害怕，就开了门，约纳堂遂占领了约培。
77 When Apollonius heard of it, he drew up three thousand horsemen and an innumerable infantry. He marched on Azotus as though he were going on through the country, but at the same time he advanced into the plain, because he had such a large number of horsemen to rely on.
阿颇罗尼听说这事，遂即动员三千骑兵，一队庞大的步兵，假作过路的样式，向阿左托进发，却突然开往平原，因为那里有他所依仗的一大队骑兵。
78 Jonathan followed him to Azotus, and they engaged in battle.
那时约纳堂尾随阿颇罗尼，也赶到阿左托，双方军队于是交锋，
79 Apollonius, however, had left a thousand cavalry in hiding behind them.
阿颇罗尼曾留下一千骑兵，在他们背后埋伏。
80 When Jonathan discovered that there was an ambush behind him, his army was surrounded. From morning until evening they showered his men with arrows.
约纳堂也知道自己背后有埋伏； 军队遂被包围，从早到晚受敌箭射击，
81 But his men held their ground, as Jonathan had commanded, whereas the enemy's horses became tired out.
但军人遵从约纳堂的命令，坚持不动，敌人的战马终于疲乏。
82 When the horsemen were exhausted, Simon attacked the phalanx, overwhelmed it and put it to flight.
息孟于是引军队出击，加入阵线，敌军终因骑兵都已疲惫，大败逃走。
83 The horsemen too were scattered over the plain. The enemy fled to Azotus and entered Beth-dagon, the temple of their idol, to save themselves.
骑兵在平原里四散奔逃，逃到阿左托进入他们的达贡庙逃命。
84 But Jonathan burned and plundered Azotus with its neighboring towns, and destroyed by fire both the temple of Dagon and the men who had taken refuge in it.
但是，约纳堂焚毁了阿左托及其四周村镇，得了其中的战利品，又将达贡庙和逃到里面的人，都放火烧了。
85 Those who fell by the sword, together with those who were burned alive, came to about eight thousand men.
这次死在刀下和烧死的约有八千人。
86 Then Jonathan left there and pitched his camp at Ashkalon, and the people of that city came out to meet him with great pomp.
约纳堂离开那里，又在阿市刻隆扎营，城里的人都出来热烈地欢迎他。
87 He and his men then returned to Jerusalem, laden with much booty.
约纳堂然后率领部下，带着许多战利品回了耶路撒冷。
88 When King Alexander heard of these events, he accorded new honors to Jonathan.
亚历山大王一听说这事，就更加光荣约纳堂，
89 7 He sent him a gold buckle, such as is usually given to King's Kinsmen; he also gave him Ekron and all its territory as a possession.
就将按习惯应赐给君王贵戚的金扣，送给他；并将厄刻龙及其属地，赐给他作为产业。
Previous Chapter Next Chapter
Footnotes（注解）
1 [1] The year one hundred and sixty: 152 B.C. Alexander . . . Antiochus: Alexander Balas claimed to be a son of Antiochus IV. He had the backing of the Romans, who had never forgiven Demetrius for becoming king without their permission. The latter meanwhile had become unpopular with his own people as well as with the Jews.
2 [21] Jonathan . . . feast of Booths: Jonathan began to discharge the office of high priest October 23-30, 152 B.C. For seven years after the death of Alcimus there had been no high priest in Jerusalem. It was taken for granted that the king, though a Gentile, had the power to appoint one. The Maccabees, though a priestly family, were not of the line of Zadok, and some in Israel regarded Jonathan's tenure as a usurpation.
3 [30] The three districts annexed from Samaria: mentioned by name in 1 Maccc 11;34. The present Greek text, by a scribal error, has added ＂and Galilee＂ after ＂Samaria.＂
4 [57] Cleopatra: Cleopatra Thea, then about fifteen years old. She later married Demetrius II, and later still, his brother Antiochus VII. The year one hundred and sixty-two: 151/150 B.C.
5 [67] The year one hundred and sixty-five: 147 B.C. Demetrius: Demetrius II Nicator.
6 [76] Joppa: about forty miles northwest of Jerusalem. For the first time the Maccabees took possession of a seaport; nominally it was on behalf of King Alexander.
7 [89] Kinsmen: a class higher than Chief Friends.