1 Maccabees
Chapter 1

1 1 After Alexander the Macedonian, Philip's son, who came from the land of Kittim, had defeated Darius, king of the Persians and Medes, he became king in his place, having first ruled in Greece.

马其顿人、斐理伯的儿子亚历山大由基廷地出击，战胜了波斯和玛待国王达理阿以后，遂代之为王，成为第一位希腊王。

2 He fought many campaigns, captured fortresses, and put kings to death.

他身经百战，攻占了许多要塞，斩杀了各地的君王，

3 He advanced to the ends of the earth, gathering plunder from many nations; the earth fell silent before him, and his heart became proud and arrogant.

踏遍了大地四极，掳掠了许多民族的财物，以致大地在他面前都肃静无言，因此他心高气傲妄自尊大。

4 He collected a very strong army and conquered provinces, nations, and rulers, and they became his tributaries.

他统帅精锐的军队，征服了各地、各族、各王，使他们向他纳税进贡。

5 But after all this he took to his bed, realizing that he was going to die.

此后，当他患病在床，自觉将要去世的时候，

6 He therefore summoned his officers, the nobles, who had been brought up with him from his youth, to divide his kingdom among them while he was still alive.

召集了与他自幼长大成人，身为贵族的同僚，乘自己还活着的时候，把国家分给他们。

7 2 Alexander had reigned twelve years when he died.

亚历山大为王十二年去了世。

8 So his officers took over his kingdom, each in his own territory,

于是他的同僚各据一方，

9 and after his death they all put on royal crowns, and so did their sons after them for many years, causing much distress over the earth.

他死后，各自加冕称王，他们和继位的子孙，以后多年之久，所做的恶事遍布全国。

10 3 There sprang from these a sinful offshoot, Antiochus Epiphanes, son of King Antiochus, once a hostage at Rome. He became king in the year one hundred and thirty-seven of the kingdom of the Greeks.

从他们中出生了一条祸根，就是安提约古的儿子安提约古丕法乃，他曾在罗马做质，于希腊帝国一三七年登极为王。

11 In those days there appeared in Israel men who were breakers of the law, and they seduced many people, saying:＂Let us go and make an alliance with the Gentiles all around us; since we separated from them, many evils have come upon us.＂

那时，在以色列人中出现一些歹徒，煽惑民众说：＂我们去和我们四邻的外方人立约，因为自从与他们绝交以来，就遭遇了许多患难。”

12 The proposal was agreeable;

这种舆论很受当时人的欢迎；

13 some from among the people promptly went to the king, and he authorized them to introduce the way of living of the Gentiles.

遂有一些人极为兴奋，便去朝觐国王，国王就批准他们采用外邦的礼俗。

14 4 Thereupon they built a gymnasium in Jerusalem according to the Gentile custom.

他们便照外邦人的风俗，在耶路撒冷修建了一座体育场，

15 They covered over the mark of their circumcision and abandoned the holy covenant; they allied themselves with the Gentiles and sold themselves to wrongdoing.

且弥补割损的痕迹，背离圣约，为服从外邦人的规律，自甘堕落。

16 When his kingdom seemed secure, Antiochus proposed to become king of Egypt, so as to rule over both kingdoms.

安提约古见自己的王位业已巩固，便企图统治埃及，愿作两国的君王，

17 5 He invaded Egypt with a strong force, with chariots and elephants, and with a large fleet,

遂率领大军、战车、象队、骑兵及庞大的舰队进攻埃及，

18 to make war on Ptolemy, king of Egypt. Ptolemy was frightened at his presence and fled, leaving many casualties.

与埃及王仆托肋米交战，仆托肋米竟临阵而逃，士兵伤亡惨重。

19 The fortified cities in the land of Egypt were captured, and Antiochus plundered the land of Egypt.

于是埃及国设防的各城全部陷落了，财产被抢掠一空。

20 6 After Antiochus had defeated Egypt in the year one hundred and forty-three, he returned and went up to Israel and to Jerusalem with a strong force.

安提约古征服埃及以后，于一四三年回国时，北上以色列，率领大军直逼耶路撒冷。

21 He insolently invaded the sanctuary and took away the golden altar, the lampstand for the light with all its fixtures,

他不管不顾地进入了圣所，搬走了金祭坛、灯台及所有器皿，

22 the offering table, the cups and the bowls, the golden censers, the curtain, the crowns, and the golden ornament on the facade of the temple. He stripped off everything,

供饼的供桌、奠酒器、杯盘、金香炉、帐幔和冠冕，连圣殿正面的金饰都洗劫得一干二净；

23 and took away the gold and silver and the precious vessels; he also took all the hidden treasures he could find.

还拿去了金银和贵重的器皿，凡寻到的珍藏宝物，都带走了。

24 Taking all this, he went back to his own country, after he had spoken with great arrogance and shed much blood.

而且带着这些东西回国的时候，肄意屠杀，还说了狂傲的大话；

25 And there was great mourning for Israel, in every place where they dwelt,

因此在以色列人中，遍地哀声，

26 and the rulers and the elders groaned. Virgins and young men languished, and the beauty of the women was disfigured.

首领长老无不呻吟长叹，处女处男全都消瘦，妇女花容失色，

27 Every bridegroom took up lamentation, she who sat in the bridal chamber mourned,

新郎吟出悲调，坐在洞房里的新娘，饮泣啼哭，

28 And the land was shaken on account of its inhabitants, and all the house of Jacob was covered with shame.

大地为其居民的命运而摇撼，雅各伯全家都蒙羞受辱。

29 Two years later, the king sent the Mysian commander to the cities of Judah, and he came to Jerusalem with a strong force.

过了两年，王派遣一位贡物总管走遍犹大各城。他率领大军来到耶路撒冷，

30 He spoke to them deceitfully in peaceful terms, and won their trust. Then he attacked the city suddenly, in a great onslaught, and destroyed many of the people in Israel.

假意向居民发表一些和平的言论，人都相信了他；但是他乘人不备，攻入城内，大加屠杀，死了很多以色列人；

31 He plundered the city and set fire to it, demolished its houses and its surrounding walls,

又洗劫全城，放火焚烧，折毁了民房和四周的垣墙，

32 took captive the women and children, and seized the cattle.

俘掳了妇女幼童，抢走了牲畜，

33 7 Then they built up the City of David with a high, massive wall and strong towers, and it became their citadel.

又在达昧城设防，筑起高大的垣墙，修筑坚固的碉堡，作为他们的堡垒；

34 There they installed a sinful race, perverse men, who fortified themselves inside it,

在那里派了罪恶滔天的外邦人和无法无天的人为军人，以加强他们的兵力；

35 storing up weapons and provisions, and depositing there the plunder they had collected from Jerusalem. And they became a great threat.

又储蓄了武器和给养，把从耶路撒冷掠来的物资，贮藏在里面；因此这堡垒成了极危险的陷阱，

36 The citadel became an ambush against the sanctuary, and a wicked adversary to Israel at all times.

为圣殿常是一种威胁，为以色列人民常是一个恶敌，

37 And they shed innocent blood around the sanctuary; they defiled the sanctuary.

他们常在圣殿的周围杀害无辜，玷污圣殿。

38 Because of them the inhabitants of Jerusalem fled away, and she became the abode of strangers. She became a stranger to her own offspring, and her children forsook her.

为了他们的缘故，耶路撒冷的居民各处逃亡，圣城成了异民的居所，为本城的子女却变成了异乡，城中子女都离弃了故土。

39 Her sanctuary was as desolate as a wilderness; her feasts were turned into mourning, Her sabbaths to shame, her honor to contempt.

圣殿被弃有如旷野，喜庆节日变为悲痛哀伤，安息日变为讥讽，光荣成了耻辱。

40 Her dishonor was as great as her glory had been, and her exalation was turned into mourning.

从前有多少光荣，今日就有多少耻辱；壮丽竟化为愁肠！

41 Then the king wrote to his whole kingdom that all should be one people,

王随后谕令全国，各国民族应合成一个民族，

42 each abandoning his particular customs. All the Gentiles conformed to the command of the king,

全放弃本国固有的礼俗。于是各外邦民族都表示服从君王的谕令，

43 and many Israelites were in favor of his religion; they sacrificed to idols and profaned the sabbath.

也有许多以色列人甘心接受了他的宗教，向偶像献祭，亵渎安息日。

44 The king sent messengers with letters to Jerusalem and to the cities of Judah, ordering them to follow customs foreign to their land;

王又派遣使臣带着诏书到耶路撒冷及犹大各城去，令人随从外邦的礼俗，

45 to prohibit holocausts, sacrifices, and libations in the sanctuary, to profane the sabbaths and feast days,

废止圣殿内举行的全燔祭、和平祭与奠祭，禁止遵守安息日和庆节，

46 to desecrate the sanctuary and the sacred ministers,

侮辱圣殿和神职人员，

47 to build pagan altars and temples and shrines, to sacrifice swine and unclean animals,

且修筑祭坛、殿宇和寺庙，供奉偶像，宰杀猪和不洁的牲畜作祭献，

48 to leave their sons uncircumcised, and to let themselves be defiled with every kind of impurity and abomination,

不准给孩子行割损，且行各样不洁和亵读的事，自陷罪污，

49 so that they might forget the law and change all their observances.

使人忘却法律，废除礼规。

50 Whoever refused to act according to the command of the king should be put to death.

凡不遵从王命的人，死无赦。

51 Such were the orders he published throughout his kingdom. He appointed inspectors over all the people, and he ordered the cities of Judah to offer sacrifices, each city in turn.

王便按照上边的话向全国写了谕文，也给所有百姓派了监察员，走遍犹大各城，督催人民祭献。

52 Many of the people, those who abandoned the law, joined them and committed evil in the land.

百姓中有许多背教的人附和他们，在国内犯罪作恶，

53 Israel was driven into hiding, wherever places of refuge could be found.

因此迫使一些以色列人逃避，去了能避难的隐秘地方。

54 8 On the fifteenth day of the month Chislev, in the year one hundred and forty-five, the king erected the horrible abomination upon the altar of holocausts, and in the surrounding cities of Judah they built pagan altars.

一四五年＂基色娄＂月十五日，王在祭坛上立了一个可憎恶的邪物，同时在犹大各城修筑了祭坛，

55 They also burnt incense at the doors of houses and in the streets.

在各家门前及街市上焚香；

56 9 Any scrolls of the law which they found they tore up and burnt.

凡找到的法律书都撕毁焚烧，

57 Whoever was found with a scroll of the covenant, and whoever observed the law, was condemned to death by royal decree.

凡搜出存有约书或恪守法律者，不论是谁，都应按谕令处死。

58 So they used their power against Israel, against those who were caught, each month, in the cities.

有人在各城内每月搜查，发见违命的以色列人，就用暴力处置；

59 On the twenty-fifth day of each month they sacrificed on the altar erected over the altar of holocausts.

每月二十五日，在建于全燔祭坛上的祭坛上献祭；

60 Women who had had their children circumcised were put to death, in keeping with the decree,

那些给孩子行割损的妇女，他们都按谕令，

61 with the babies hung from their necks; their families also and those who had circumcised them were killed.

把孩子悬在她们脖子上，一同处死；甚至她们的家属，及执行割损者，亦应处死。

62 But many in Israel were determined and resolved in their hearts not to eat anything unclean;

虽然如此，仍有许多以色列人坚持不变，决不吃不洁之物，

63 they preferred to die rather than to be defiled with unclean food or to profane the holy covenant; and they did die. Terrible affliction was upon Israel.…

宁愿舍生，而不愿因吃禁食而自污，更不愿亵读圣约；因此他们被判处死刑。这实在是天主向以色列人发的盛怒。



Introduction Next Chapter

Footnotes（注解）

1 [1] Land of Kittim: Greece. The name referred originally to inhabitants of Kiti, capital of the isle of Cyprus, then to any Cypriots (Isaiah 23:1; Jeremiah 2:10), later to Greeks in general, and finally even to Romans. See note on Daniel 11:30. Darius: Darius III, Codoman (336-331 B.C.).

2 [7] Twelve years: 336-323 B.C.

3 [10] The year one hundred and thirty-seven: Antiochus IV seized the throne in September, 175 B.C. Dates are given in this book according to the Seleucid era, which however was reckoned in two different ways. Antiochians considered this date to be October, 312 B.C. (Syrian calendar), while Babylonians and Jewish priests accepted April, 311 B.C. as the commencement of the era (temple calendar). The author of 1 Macc dates political events by the Syrian calendar but religious events by the temple calendar. Accordingly, the civil New Year occurred variously in September or October, the religious New Year in March or April.

4 [14] Gymnasium: symbol and center of athletic and intellectual life, it was the chief instrument of Hellenistic propaganda. Jewish youth were attracted by sports and encouraged to join youth clubs. They received training in military skills and in the duties of citizens. Through participation in the intellectual life, many were gradually won over to paganism.

5 [17] Elephants: an important part of Seleucid armament. About 300 B.C. Seleucus I, founder of the dynasty, procured five hundred of them from India; cf 1 Macc 6:34-37.

6 [20] Defeated Egypt in the year one hundred and forty-three: 169 B.C. No mention is made in 1 Mc of the second expedition to Egypt a year later, described in 2 Macc 5:1, 11; Daniel 11:25, 19 records both.

7 [33] City of David: not Mount Zion on the eastern hill of Jerusalem, which David captured from the Jebusites (2 Sam 5:7), but a new fortress built on the western hill and overlooking the temple and its courts on Mount Zion. It was occupied for twenty-six years by the Syro-Macedonian garrison, together with apostate Jews, and was a continual threat to the temple and the Jewish people (1 Macc 1:36); cf 1 Macc 13:49-51.

8 [54] Fifteenth day of the month Chislev, in the year one hundred and forty-five: December 6, 167 B.C. Horrible abomination: in the original Hebrew, a contemptuous pun on the title＂Lord of heaven＂ given to the god Zeus Olympios, to whom an image or perhaps an altar was erected upon the altar of holocausts in the temple of Jerusalem; cf Daniel 9:27; 11:31.

9 [56-57] Scrolls of the law: one or more of the first five books of the Old Testament.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 2

1 1 In those days Mattathias, son of John, son of Simeon, a priest of the family of Joarib, left Jerusalem and settled in Modein.

那时，若望的儿子西默盎的孙子，属于约阿黎布家的司祭玛塔提雅起来，离开耶路撒冷迁居摩丁。

2 He had five sons: John, who was called Gaddi;

他有五个儿子：即若望，又名加狄；

3 Simon, who was called Thassi;

息孟又名塔息；

4 Judas, who was called Maccabeus;

犹大又名玛加伯；

5 Eleazar, who was called Avaran; and Jonathan, who was called Apphus.

厄肋阿匝尔又名奥郎；约堂纳又名阿弗斯。

6 When he saw the sacrileges that were being committed in Judah and in Jerusalem,

他看见在犹大和耶路撒冷发生的亵圣的事，

7 he said: ＂Woe is me! Why was I born to see the ruin of my people and the ruin of the holy city, and to sit idle while it is given into the hands of enemies, and the sanctuary into the hands of strangers?

便说：＂可怜的我呀！难道我生在世上，是为看着我的民族沦亡，圣城被践踏，当圣城落在敌人手中，圣殿落在外人手中时，而袖手旁观吗？

8 ＂Her temple has become like a man disgraced,

圣殿好似成了一个被轻贱的人。

9 her glorious ornaments have been carried off as spoils, Her infants have been murdered in her streets, her young men by the sword of the enemy.

光荣的器皿被抢掠劫夺，婴儿在街市上被屠杀，青年丧身敌人刀下！

10 What nation has not taken its share of her realm, and laid its hand on her possessions?

那一个民族没有占领过这国土，没有来劫掠分赃？

11 All her adornment has been taken away. From being free, she has become a slave.

城内一切点缀全被洗劫净尽，昔日的自由城，今日为人所奴役。

12 We see our sanctuary and our beauty and our glory laid waste, And the Gentiles have defiled them!

我们的圣所，我们的华丽，我们的光荣，都成了一片荒凉，受外族人的污辱！

13 Why are we still alive?＂

我们还活着作什么？＂

14 Then Mattathias and his sons tore their garments, put on sackcloth, and mourned bitterly.

于是玛塔提雅和他的儿子都撕破了衣裳，穿上苦衣悲哀非常。

15 The officers of the king in charge of enforcing the apostasy came to the city of Modein to organize the sacrifices.

君王派来强迫人民背教的官吏，也来到了摩丁城，勒令人祭神。

16 Many of Israel joined them, but Mattathias and his sons gathered in a group apart.

有些以色列人附和了，但玛塔提雅和他的儿子却一致反抗；

17 Then the officers of the king addressed Mattathias: ＂You are a leader, an honorable and great man in this city, supported by sons and kinsmen.

君王的官吏对玛塔提雅说：“你是这城的首领，有面子又有势力，还受儿子兄弟们的拥护。

18 2 3 Come now, be the first to obey the king's command, as all the Gentiles and the men of Judah and those who are left in Jerusalem have done. Then you and your sons shall be numbered among the King's Friends, and shall be enriched with silver and gold and many gifts.＂

如今，请你首先前来遵行王的谕令，如同各国的人、犹大居民以及留在耶路撒冷的人所做的一般；这样，你和你的儿子就算是君王的朋友，你和你的儿子可以荣获金银和各种恩赐。”

19 But Mattathias answered in a loud voice: ＂Although all the Gentiles in the king's realm obey him, so that each forsakes the religion of his fathers and consents to the king's orders,

塔提雅高声回答说：“即便所有君王国土中的人民都听从他，背弃了自己祖先的教礼，服从王的命令，

20 yet I and my sons and my kinsmen will keep to the covenant of our fathers.

我和我的儿子以及我的弟兄，仍然照我们祖先的盟约去行，

21 God forbid that we should forsake the law and the commandments.

决不背弃法律和教规，

22 We will not obey the words of the king nor depart from our religion in the slightest degree.＂

决不听从王的命令，而背离我们的教规，或偏左或偏右”。

23 As he finished saying these words, a certain Jew came forward in the sight of all to offer sacrifice on the altar in Modein according to the king's order.

他刚说完了这些话，正有一个犹太人前来，当众在摩丁的祭坛上祭神，全照王的谕令。

24 When Mattathias saw him, he was filled with zeal; his heart was moved and his just fury was aroused; he sprang forward and killed him upon the altar.

玛塔提雅一见，热情勃发，五内俱焚，要照法律发泄义怒，于是冲上前去把那人杀死在祭坛上。

25 At the same time, he also killed the messenger of the king who was forcing them to sacrifice, and he tore down the altar.

同时也把迫令人民献祭的王吏杀了，并把祭坛拆毁。

26 Thus he showed his zeal for the law, just as Phinehas did with Zimri, son of Salu.

他对于法律这样热诚，完全象丕乃哈斯对撒路的儿子齐默黎所作的一样。

27 Then Mattathias went through the city shouting, ＂Let everyone who is zealous for the law and who stands by the covenant follow after me!＂

于是玛塔提雅在城内高声喊说：“凡热心法律，拥护盟约的，请跟我来！”

28 Thereupon he fled to the mountains with his sons, leaving behind in the city all their possessions.

接着，他和他的儿子，把所有的家产都留在城里，逃到山中去了。

29 4 Many who sought to live according to righteousness and religious custom went out into the desert to settle there,

那时有许多拥护正义正道的人，也都逃到旷野里去居住，

30 they and their sons, their wives and their cattle, because misfortunes pressed so hard on them.

将子女妻室牲畜也一同带了去，因为大难已临头上。

31 It was reported to the officers and soldiers of the king who were in the City of David, in Jerusalem, that certain men who had flouted the king's order had gone out to the hiding places in the desert.

其时有人报告王吏及驻扎耶路撒冷达味城的军队说：“背叛谕令的那些人，都隐藏到旷野山洞里去了。”

32 Many hurried out after them, and having caught up with them, camped opposite and prepared to attack them on the sabbath.

于是大队人马前去追捕，到了那里，摆好阵势，在安息日那天向他们宣战，

33 ＂Enough of this!＂ the pursuers said to them. ＂Come out and obey the king's command, and your lives will be spared.＂

说：“到现在为止，若你们出来遵从王命，还可以活命。”

34 But they replied, ＂We will not come out, nor will we obey the king's command to profane the sabbath.＂

他们回答说：“我们不出来，也不遵从王命，亵渎安息日！”

35 Then the enemy attacked them at once;

敌军立即攻击他们。

36 but they did not retaliate; they neither threw stones, nor blocked up their own hiding places.

但他们不向敌人还击，也不抛石，也不堵塞藏身之处，

37 They said, ＂Let us all die without reproach; heaven and earth are our witnesses that you destroy us unjustly.＂

只说：“我们众人情愿无辜而死！有天地为我们作证：你们杀害我们，极不公平。”

38 So the officers and soldiers attacked them on the sabbath, and they died with their wives, their children and their cattle, to the number of a thousand persons.

王军于是在安息日那天攻击了他们，他们和他们的妇孺牲畜部被屠杀了，人数约有一千。

39 When Mattathias and his friends heard of it, they mourned deeply for them.

玛塔提雅和他的朋友一听说此事，都十分悲痛。

40 ＂If we all do as our kinsmen have done,＂ they said to one another, ＂and do not fight against the Gentiles for our lives and our traditions, they will soon destroy us from the earth.＂

彼此商议说：“若大家都象我们的弟兄所行的一样，为保护自己的性命和教规，不还击外邦人，那么人很快就要把我们从地面上消灭了。”

41 On that day they came to this decision: ＂Let us fight against anyone who attacks us on the sabbath, so that we may not all die as our kinsmen died in the hiding places.＂

于是在那天大家决定：“即使人在安息日来击我们，我们也应还击抵抗，免得我们象我们的弟兄都死在洞中。”

42 5 Then they were joined by a group of Hasideans, valiant Israelites, all of them devout followers of the law.

当时哈息待党派的人也与他们会合；这些人都是以色列的勇士，甘心为法律舍生的人。

43 And all those who were fleeing from the disaster joined them and supported them.

还有逃难流亡的人都同他们联合，支持他们。

44 They gathered an army and struck down sinners in their anger and lawbreakers in their wrath, and the survivors fled to the Gentiles for safety.

于是他们便组成军队，发奋攻打罪人，怒袭叛徒；其余的人都逃往外邦人那里，为求安全。

45 Mattathias and his friends went about and tore down the pagan altars;

玛塔提雅和他的朋友便到处巡行，拆毁祭坛，

46 they also enforced circumcision for any uncircumcised boys whom they found in the territory of Israel.

凡在以色列境内遇见未受割损的孩子，便强迫他们割损；

47 They put to flight the arrogant, and the work prospered in their hands.

此外，还扫荡了暴徒，在历次战役中都很顺利。

48 They saved the law from the hands of the Gentiles and of the kings and did not let the sinner triumph.

如此，保障了法律，摆脱了外邦人及国王的控制，不让恶人得势。

49 When the time came for Mattathias to die, he said to his sons: ＂Arrogance and scorn have now grown strong; it is a time of disaster and violent anger.

玛塔提雅临死时，对他的儿子们说：“现在是傲慢暴横得势，也是灾难和仇恨的时候。

50 Therefore, my sons, be zealous for the law and give your lives for the covenant of our fathers.

孩子们！现今你们对法律更应热诚服膺，应为我们祖先的盟约舍生致命，

51 ＂Remember the deeds that our fathers did in their times, and you shall win great glory and an everlasting name.

要怀念祖先当日所创的大业，这样才可获得无上的光荣和不朽的芳名。

52 Was not Abraham found faithful in trial, and it was reputed to him as uprightness?

亚巴郎不是在受试探中显示了忠信，才算他有义德吗？

53 Joseph, when in distress, kept the commandment, and he became master of Egypt.

若瑟在患难中遵守了诫命，然后才作了埃及的主人。

54 Phinehas our father, for his burning zeal, received the covenant of an everlasting priesthood.

我们的祖先丕乃哈斯因为热诚，才获得永为司祭的盟约。

55 Joshua, for executing his commission, became a judge in Israel.

若苏厄因满全了天主的命，才作了以色列的民长。

56 Caleb, for bearing witness before the assembly, received an inheritance in the land.

加肋布因在会众前作证，才在此地获得了产业。

57 David, for his piety, received as a heritage a throne of everlasting royalty.

达味因慈悲为怀，才承受了永世的王位。

58 Elijah, for his burning zeal for the law, was taken up to heaven.

厄里亚因热爱法法律，才被接升天。

59 Hananiah, Azariah and Mishael, for their faith, were saved from the fire.

哈纳尼雅、阿匝黎亚、米沙尔因着信赖，才得拯救免受火烧。

60 Daniel, for his innocence, was delivered from the jaws of lions.

达尼尔因心中纯洁才蒙拯救，免于狮子的口。

61 And so, consider this from generation to generation, that none who hope in him shall fail in strength.

你们要世世代代这样存想：凡是仰望他的，决一无所缺。

62 Do not fear the words of a sinful man, for his glory ends in corruption and worms.

不要怕恶人的议论，因为他们的光荣要变成粪土蛆虫，

63 Today he is exalted, and tomorrow he is not to be found, because he has returned to his dust, and his schemes have perished.

今日飞黄腾达，明日即为黄花；人一归于灰土，他的计谋也云消雾散。

64 Children! be courageous and strong in keeping the law, for by it you shall be glorified.

孩子们！你们要刚强不屈，遵守法律，法律必使你们蒙受光荣。

65 ＂Here is your brother Simeon who I know is a wise man; listen to him always, and he will be a father to you.

你们的兄弟息孟，我晓得他是具有超见的人，你们该常听从他，他该接你们父亲之位。

66 And Judas Maccabeus, a warrior from his youth, shall be the leader of your army and direct the war against the nations.

犹大玛加伯自幼奋勇，他该是你们的将领，作战攻打异族。

67 You shall also gather about you all who observe the law, and you shall avenge the wrongs of your people.

你们应召集所有遵行法律的人来跟随你们。为百姓复仇雪恨。

68 Pay back the Gentiles what they deserve, and observe the precepts of the law.＂

应反抗异族，应坚守法律的规条。”

69 Then he blessed them, and he was united with his fathers.

他祝福了他们以后，就归到他亲族那里去了。

70 6 He died in the year one hundred and forty-six, and was buried in the tombs of his fathers in Modein, and all Israel mourned him greatly.

死于一四六年，他的儿子们把他葬在摩丁的祖茔里，全以色列为他举丧志哀。

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Footnotes（注解）

1 [1] Modein: a village twenty miles northwest of Jerusalem.

2 [18] The King's Friends: a regular order of nobility at Hellenistic courts. The various grades are frequently mentioned in this book:

3 [18] Friends, Chief Friends, Kinsmen.

4 [29] The desert: the sparsely inhabited mountain country southward from Jerusalem and west of the Dead Sea. It was an arid region with some perennial springs and a fair amount of rain in winter.

5 [42] Hasideans: in Hebrew hasidim, ＂pious ones,＂ a religious group devoted to the strict observance of the law. They were the forerunners of both the Pharisees and the Essenes. They first supported the Maccabean movement, but subsequently opposed it, regarding it as too political.

6 [70] In the year one hundred and forty-six: 166 B.C.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 3

1 Then his son Judas, who was called Maccabeus, took his place.

他的儿子犹大又名玛加伯的，接了他的位。

2 All his brothers and all who had joined his father supported him, and they carried on Israel's war joyfully.

他的众兄弟及附和他父亲的人，都来辅佐他，大家都奋勇为以色列作战。

3 He spread abroad the glory of his people, and put on his breastplate like a giant. He armed himself with weapons of war; he planned battles and protected the camp with his sword.

他增加了自己百姓的光荣，身披甲胄，状似英雄，腰佩兵器，领军作战，持刀护阵，

4 In his actions he was like a lion, like a young lion roaring for prey.

着手行事有如壮狮，捕猎怒号好似幼狮。

5 He pursued the wicked, hunting them out, and those who troubled his people he destroyed by fire.

把歹徒搜查追捕，将加害百姓者以火焚烧。

6 The lawbreakers were cowed by fear of him, and all evildoers were dismayed. By his hand redemption was happily achieved,

于是违法歹徒，不寒而慄；作恶匪类，惊惶失措救国大业，赖其成功。

7 and he afflicted many kings; He made Jacob glad by his deeds, and his memory is blessed forever.

他使许多君王苦恼行事却使雅各伯欢乐，因为他集合了四散的人。

8 He went about the cities of Judah destroying the impious there. He turned away wrath from Israel

他出巡犹大各城，将城中恶徒铲除，从以色列挽回圣怒。

9 and was renowned to the ends of the earth; he gathered together those who were perishing.

他的声名遍传地极，他的纪念永受赞美。

10 1 Then Apollonius gathered the Gentiles, together with a large army from Samaria, to fight against Israel.

阿波罗尼调集异民，又从撒玛黎雅调来一支劲旅，要进攻以色列。

11 When Judas learned of it, he went out to meet him and defeated and killed him. Many fell wounded, and the rest fled.

犹大一听说，就出兵迎击，将阿波罗尼杀死，敌方伤亡甚众，残敌四散逃命，

12 Their possessions were seized and the sword of Apollonius was taken by Judas, who fought with it the rest of his life.

犹大人夺得了许多物资，犹大取了阿波罗尼的宝剑，一生用来作战。

13 But Seron, commander of the Syrian army, heard that Judas had gathered many about him, an assembly of faithful men ready for war.

叙利亚的军长色龙，听说犹大召集了很多军民，号召一伙忠诚的犹太人，随他前往作战。

14 So he said, ＂I will make a name for myself and win glory in the kingdom by defeating Judas and his followers, who have despised the king's command.＂

就说：＂我要成名，在国内受光荣，要战胜犹大和跟随他而轻视王命的人。＂

15 And again a large company of renegades advanced with him to help him take revenge on the Israelites.

他于是出征，率领一支强大而凶横的军队，来向以色列子民复仇。

16 2 When he reached the ascent of Beth-horon, Judas went out to meet him with a few men.

当他行近贝特曷龙山坡时，犹大带着一小队兵，前去迎击。

17 But when they saw the army coming against them, they said to Judas: ＂How can we, few as we are, fight such a mighty host as this? Besides, we are weak today from fasting.＂

他们一见大军迎面而来，便向犹大说：＂我们人数少，怎能攻打这么众多，强大有力的敌人呢？何况我们今天还未用饭，疲乏无力呢！＂

18 But Judas said: ＂It is easy for many to be overcome by a few; in the sight of Heaven there is no difference between deliverance by many or by few;

犹大回答说：＂多数人困在少数人手里，是容易的事；用多数或用少数人施救，为上天没有区别。

19 for victory in war does not depend upon the size of the army, but on strength that comes from Heaven.

因为战争的胜利，不在乎军队的多寡，而在乎由天而来的力量。

20 With great presumption and lawlessness they come against us to destroy us and our wives and children and to despoil us;

他们来攻打我们，蛮横傲慢，无法无天。原为铲除我们和我们的妻子儿女，前来洗劫抢掠。

21 but we are fighting for our lives and our laws.

但是我们是为保护性命和法律而战；

22 3 He himself will crush them before us; so do not be afraid of them.＂

因此天主必会亲自在我们面前粉碎他们；所以千万不要害怕！”

23 When he finished speaking, he rushed suddenly upon Seron and his army, who were crushed before him.

他一说完这话，便突然出击，色龙与他的军队不支败退。

24 4 He pursued Seron down the descent of Beth-horon into the plain. About eight hundred of their men fell, and the rest fled to the country of the Philistines.

犹大从贝特曷龙山坡，一直追到平原。敌人阵亡的约有八百，余下的都逃到培肋舍特人的地方去了。

25 Then Judas and his brothers began to be feared, and dread fell upon the Gentiles about them.

从此众人对犹大和他的兄弟都害怕起来，四周的异民也都为之震惊。

26 His fame reached the king, and all the Gentiles talked about the battles of Judas.

犹大的名声传到了君王那里，异民都称述他的战功。

27 When Antiochus heard about these events, he was angry; so he ordered a muster of all the forces of his kingdom, a very strong army.

安提约古王一听这消息，心中大怒，下令调集全国军队，编成强有力的大军。

28 He opened his treasure chests, gave his soldiers a year's pay, and commanded them to be prepared for anything.

打开库房，给军队发了一年的军晌。且嘱咐他们准备应变。

29 He then found that this exhausted the money in his treasury; moreover the income from the province was small, because of the dissension and distress he had brought upon the land by abolishing the laws which had been in effect from of old.

当时他也发觉国库银钱短绌，又因废弃旧制，国内混乱，各地税收大减。

30 He feared that, as had happened more than once, he would not have enough for his expenses and for the gifts that he had previously given with a more liberal hand than the preceding kings.

他怕一两次开支和劳军之后，再不能象从前那样的阔绰，原来他挥霍无度，超过以前的君王。

31 Greatly perplexed, he decided to go to Persia and levy tribute on those provinces, and so raise a large sum of money.

因此心烦意乱，便决意到波斯去向各地征收捐税，大量聚敛银钱。

32 He left Lysias, a nobleman of royal blood, in charge of the king's affairs from the Euphrates River to the frontier of Egypt,

遂留下王族出身的贵人里息雅，托他代理从幼发拉的河直到埃及境界的国政；

33 and commissioned him to take care of his son Antiochus until his own return.

还托他抚育自己的儿子安提约古，直到自己回来。

34 He entrusted to him half of the army, and the elephants, and gave him instructions concerning everything he wanted done. As for the inhabitants of Judea and Jerusalem,

又将一半的兵力和象队交给他，吩咐他执行自己所决定的一切，尤其是关于犹太和耶路撒冷居民的事：

35 Lysias was to send an army against them to crush and destroy the power of Israel and the remnant of Jerusalem and efface their memory from the land.

即要他派遣军队攻打以色列，粉碎他们的力量，扫荡耶路撒冷剩余的居民，将他们的纪念，由那地上除去：

36 He was to settle foreigners in all their territory and distribute their land by lot.

使外方人移居于他们的全境，将他们的土地拈阄分给那些人为产业。

37 5 The king took the remaining half of the army and set out from Antioch, his capital, in the year one hundred and forty-seven; he crossed the Euphrates River and advanced inland.

然后王自己带着其余一半军队，在一四七年，由国都安提约基雅出发，渡过幼发拉的河向高原进发。

38 6 Lysias chose Ptolemy, son of Dorymenes, and Nicanor and Gorgias, capable men among the King's Friends,

里息雅选派了多黎默乃的儿子仆托肋米、尼加诺尔和哥尔基雅，他们都是国王朋友中最有权势的人。

39 and with them he sent forty thousand men and seven thousand cavalry to invade the land of Judah and ravage it according to the king's orders.

又特派步兵四万和骑兵七千，由他们率领出征犹大地，照国王的命令摧毁那地。

40 7 Setting out with all their forces, they came and pitched their camp near Emmaus in the plain.

于是他们便率领军队出发，到达靠近厄玛乌的平原上扎了营。

41 When the merchants of the country heard of their fame, they came to the camp, bringing fetters and a large sum of silver and gold, to buy the Israelites as slaves. A force from Idumea and from Philistia joined with them.

那一带的商人听说他们来了，就带着许多金银和脚镣，来到营幕，准备收买以色列子民为奴；依杜默雅和培肋舍特的军队，也来参战。

42 Judas and his brothers saw that the situation had become critical now that armies were encamped within their territory; they knew of the orders which the king had given to destroy and utterly wipe out the people.

犹大和他的兄弟见形势危急，敌军已在自己境内扎营；又听说王已下令，要根除自己的百姓，

43 So they said to one another, ＂Let us restore our people from their ruined estate, and fight for our people and our sanctuary!＂

就彼此说：“我们要挽救百姓免于灭亡，要为百姓及圣所而战。”

44 The assembly gathered together to prepare for battle and to pray and implore mercy and compassion.

于是集合会众准备应战，且举行祈祷，恳求仁慈和怜悯。

45 Jerusalem was uninhabited, like a desert; not one of her children entered or came out. The sanctuary was trampled on, and foreigners were in the citadel; it was a habitation of Gentiles. Joy had disappeared from Jacob, and the flute and the harp were silent.

这时，耶路撒冷好似无人居住的旷野，城中已没有一人出入；圣所已被人践踏，城堡已为外方人占据，成了异民的居所，雅各伯家不再欢乐，琴瑟之声业已止息，

46 8 Thus they assembled and went to Mizpah near Jerusalem, because there was formerly at Mizpah a place of prayer for Israel.

于是以色列入集合起来，只有来到耶路撒冷对面的米兹帕；米兹帕原是以色列人昔日祈祷的圣地。

47 That day they fasted and wore sackcloth; they sprinkled ashes on their heads and tore their clothes.

那天人人禁食，身穿苦衣，头上撒灰，撕裂衣服，

48 9 They unrolled the scroll of the law, to learn about the things for which the Gentiles consulted the images of their idols.

揭开法律书寻问，如同异民寻问他们的偶像一般。

49 10 They brought with them the priestly vestments, the first fruits, and the tithes; and they brought forward the nazirites who had completed the time of their vows.

他们又带来司祭的衣服、初熟的果实和什一的献仪，并叫满期的“纳齐尔”人前来。

50 And they cried aloud to Heaven: ＂What shall we do with these men, and where shall we take them?

他们大声向上天呼号说：我们对这些人当怎么办？要把他们带到何处？

51 For your sanctuary has been trampled on and profaned, and your priests are in mourning and humiliation.

你的圣所已被践踏污辱；你的司祭已蒙难而忧伤。

52 Now the Gentiles are gathered together against us to destroy us. You know what they plot against us.

异民齐来攻击，要消灭我们！你知道他们对我们所想的是什么。

53 How shall we be able to resist them unless you help us?＂

除非你援助我们，我们怎能抵抗他们？”

54 Then they blew the trumpets and cried out loudly.

他们遂吹号角，大声呼喊。

55 After this Judas appointed officers among the people, over thousands, over hundreds, over fifties, and over tens.

此后犹大派定率领军人的千夫长、百夫长、五十夫长和十夫长；

56 He proclaimed that those who were building houses, or were just married, or were planting vineyards, and those who were afraid, could each return to his home, according to the law.

又向修房屋、订婚、种葡萄与胆怯的人说明，按法律他们可以各回本家。

57 Then the army moved off, and they camped to the south of Emmaus.

于是调动军队在厄玛乌以南安营。

58 Judas said: ＂Arm yourselves and be brave; in the morning be ready to fight these Gentiles who have assembled against us to destroy us and our sanctuary.

犹大向他们说：“你们应装备起来，作勇敢的士兵，应准备停当，明早向前来攻击我们，毁灭我们和圣所的异民作战，

59 It is better for us to die in battle than to witness the ruin of our nation and our sanctuary. Whatever Heaven wills, he will do.＂

因为我们在阵上，宁愿死，也不愿看见我们的民族与圣所遭遇不幸。 上天的旨意怎样，就怎样实行罢！”



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Footnotes（注解）

1 [10] Apollonius: the Mysian commander mentioned in 1 Macc 1:29; 2 Macc 5:24.

2 [16] Beth-horon: the famous pass leading up from the coastal plain to the Judean hill country. Here Joshua won an important battle (Joshua 10:10-11), and in 66 A.D. a Roman force under Cestius was trapped and massacred.

3 [22] He himself: out of reverence for God, the author of 1 Macc prefers to use this and other expressions, such as ＂Heaven,＂ instead of the divine name. Cf 1 Macc 3:50.

4 [24] About eight hundred: the figures given in this book for strength of armies and number of casualties are not to be taken literally. In accordance with biblical usage, they indicate rather the importance of the battle described or the greatness of the victory.

5 [37] This expedition, in the spring of 165 B.C., resulted in failure; cf 1 Macc 6.

6 [38] Nicanor: the leader of another attack against the Jews four years later. He was finally killed by Judas; cf 1 Macc 7:26-46.

7 [40] Emmaus: probably not the village mentioned in Luke 24:13 but a settlement about twenty miles west of Jerusalem at the edge of the hill country.

8 [46] ...Mizpah a place of prayer for Israel: a holy place established of old eight miles north and slightly west of Jerusalem. It was here that Samuel began to judge the Israelites (1 Sam 7:5-11; 10:17).

9 [48] To learn . . . idols: favorable omens for the coming battle. A contrast is intended between the idol worship of the pagans and the consultation of the word of God by the Jews; cf 2 Macc 8:23.

10 [49] Nazirites: see note on Numbers 6:1-3.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 4

1 Now Gorgias took five thousand infantry and a thousand picked cavalry, and this detachment set out at night

哥尔基雅率领五千步兵，一千精骑，乘夜进军，

2 in order to attack the camp of the Jews and take them by surprise. Some men from the citadel were their guides.

偷袭犹太人的营幕，乘虚突击；堡垒里的人给他作晌导。

3 Judas heard of it, and himself set out with his soldiers to attack the king's army at Emmaus,

犹大一听这消息，便与军队起程，去突击驻扎厄玛乌的王军；

4 while the latter's forces were still scattered away from the camp.

这时王军还散在营外。

5 During the night Gorgias came into the camp of Judas, and found no one there; so he began to hunt for them in the mountains, saying,＂They are fleeing from us.＂

哥尔基雅夜间来到犹大营里，不见一人，遂在山中搜寻说：＂这些人避开我们逃走了。＂

6 But at daybreak Judas appeared in the plain with three thousand men, who lacked such armor and swords as they would have wished.

天已亮时，犹大领着三千士兵，出现在平原之上，但没有佩带所需要的甲胄和刀剑。

7 They saw the army of the Gentiles, strong and breastplated, flanked with cavalry, and made up of expert soldiers.

他们看见异民的军营防守坚固，又有马队巡逻，都是受过军训的士兵。

8 Judas said to the men with him:＂Do not be afraid of their numbers or dread their attack.

犹大便对同人说：＂你们不必害怕他们人数众多，也不要畏惧他们的攻击。

9 Remember how our fathers were saved in the Red Sea, when Pharaoh pursued them with an army.

你们要回忆，当我们的祖先被法郎的军队追赶的时候，他们怎样在红海里获救。

10 So now let us cry to Heaven in the hope that he will favor us, remember his covenant with our fathers, and destroy this army before us today.

现在我们要呼吁上天，希望他怜悯我们，记忆他与我们祖先立的盟约，今天在我们前粉碎这支军队，

11 All the Gentiles shall know that there is One who redeems and delivers Israel.＂

使万民知道，有一位解救以色列的。＂

12 When the foreigners looked up and saw them marching toward them,

外方人举目一望，见犹太人从对面来了，

13 they came out of their camp for battle, and the men with Judas blew the trumpet.

便出营作战；犹大的同志们于是吹起号角。

14 The battle was joined and the Gentiles were defeated and fled toward the plain.

双方交锋，异民不支溃败，向平原逃去。

15 1 Their whole rearguard fell by the sword, and they were pursued as far as Gazara and the plains of Judea, to Azotus and Jamnia. About three thousand of their men fell.

落后的敌军，全丧身刀下。犹太人追击他们，直到革则尔，直到依杜默雅、阿左托及雅木尼雅平原。敌方阵亡的约三千人。

16 When Judas and the army returned from the pursuit,

犹大和他的军队追赴敌人回来，

17 he said to the people:＂Do not be greedy for the plunder, for there is a fight ahead of us,

对军队说：“你们不要贪恋战利品，因为前面还有战争：

18 and Gorgias and his army are near us on the mountain. But now stand firm against our enemies and overthrow them. Afterward you can freely take the plunder.＂

哥尔基雅和他的军队还在山中，离我们不远。现今要在敌人前坚定不移，与他们作战，然后才可安心拾取战利品。”

19 As Judas was finishing this speech, a detachment appeared, looking down from the mountain.

犹大还在说话时，发现有一部分敌人从山上窥望，

20 They saw that their army had been put to flight and their camp was being burned. The smoke that could be seen indicated what had happened.

这些人一见自己的军队已败退，兵营亦被焚烧，又见烟柱四起，即知发生了事故。

21 When they realized this, they were terrified; and when they also saw the army of Judas in the plain ready to attack,

他们一见如此，非常震惊；又见犹大的军队在平原摆好作战的阵势，

22 2 they all fled to Philistine territory.

于是全部逃往培肋舍特人的地方去了。

23 Then Judas went back to plunder the camp, and his men collected much gold and silver, violet and crimson cloth, and great treasure.

犹大回来拾取军营的战利品，得了很多金银、紫红和珍贵的朱红色衣服，还有大量的财物。

24 As they returned, they were singing hymns and glorifying Heaven,＂for he is good, for his mercy endures forever.＂

他们回来的时候，唱歌赞美上天，“因为他是美善的，他的仁慈永远常存。”

25 Thus Israel had a great deliverance that day.

这一天以色列得了大胜利。

26 But those of the foreigners who had escaped went and told Lysias all that had occurred.

逃生的外方人来到里息雅那里，向他报告一切经过。

27 When he heard it he was disturbed and discouraged, because things in Israel had not turned out as he intended and as the king had ordered.

他一听说这事，张惶失惜，因为在以色列竟发生这事，大出他意料之外，与国王所嘱托的大不相同。

28 So the following year he gathered together sixty thousand picked men and five thousand cavalry, to subdue them.

次年，他调集六万精兵，五千骑兵，来攻打犹太人。

29 3 They came into Idumea and camped at Beth-zur, and Judas met them with ten thousand men.

大军来到依杜默雅，在贝特族尔扎了营。犹大带领一万人迎战；

30 Seeing that the army was strong, he prayed thus:＂Blessed are you, O Savior of Israel, who broke the rush of the mighty one by the hand of your servant David and delivered the camp of the Philistines into the hand of Jonathan, the son of Saul, and his armor-bearer.

他一见敌军强大便祈祷说：“以色列的救主，你是可赞美的！从前你借着你仆人达味的手，粉碎了巨人强力的袭击，你曾把外方人的军营交在撒乌耳之子约纳堂和他执戟者的手中；

31 Give this army into the hands of your people Israel; make them ashamed of their troops and their cavalry.

请你将这支军队，困在你百姓以色列的手中罢！使他们的兵马都蒙受羞辱。

32 Strike them with fear, weaken the boldness of their strength, and let them tremble at their own destruction.

请你使他们恐怖，消散他们逞强的勇气，使他们因溃败而颤栗。

33 Strike them down by the sword of those who love you, that all who know your name may hymn your praise.＂

请你使他们丧身在爱你之人的刀下，使那些认识你名的人，用诗歌来赞颂你。”

34 Then they engaged in battle, and about five thousand of Lysias' men fell in hand-to-hand fighting.

随后双方交锋，里息雅的军队，约有五千人为犹太人所杀。

35 4 When Lysias saw his ranks beginning to give way, and the increased boldness of Judas, whose men were ready either to live or to die bravely, he withdrew to Antioch and began to recruit mercenaries so as to return to Judea with greater numbers.

里息雅见自己的阵容已乱，而犹大的士气正盛，且已准备作殊死战；他一见如此便退回安提约基雅，招募客军，加强阵容，预备再进攻犹太。

36 5 Then Judas and his brothers said,＂Now that our enemies have been crushed, let us go up to purify the sanctuary and rededicate it.＂

犹大和他的兄弟们说：“看,我们的敌人业已粉碎，我们要上去清洁圣所，再行祝圣礼。”

37 So the whole army assembled, and went up to Mount Zion.

于是全体军队集合，齐上熙雍山。

38 They found the sanctuary desolate, the altar desecrated, the gates burnt, weeds growing in the courts as in a forest or on some mountain, and the priests' chambers demolished.

当他们看见圣所荒芜，祭坛被玷污，门户被焚毁，庭院生满小树，象在树林或山上生长的一般，厢房都已倒塌，

39 Then they tore their clothes and made great lamentation; they sprinkled their heads with ashes

便撕裂了衣服，大声哀哭，头上撒灰，

40 and fell with their faces to the ground. And when the signal was given with trumpets, they cried out to Heaven.

俯首在地；号角一响，他们便向天哀号。

41 Judas appointed men to attack those in the citadel, while he purified the sanctuary.

那时犹大派人去攻打那些住在堡垒里的人，直到圣所清洁了为止。

42 He chose blameless priests, devoted to the law;

然后又选定了圣洁和热爱法律的司祭；

43 these purified the sanctuary and carried away the stones of the Abomination to an unclean place.

这些司祭便清洁圣殿，将被玷污的石头，抛到污秽的地方。

44 They deliberated what ought to be done with the altar of holocausts that had been desecrated.

他们商议，该怎样处理被玷污的全燔祭坛；

45 The happy thought came to them to tear it down, lest it be a lasting shame to them that the Gentiles had defiled it; so they tore down the altar.

终于想出了一个好主意，就是将祭坛毁坏，免得常存着为异民玷污的耻辱。于是就将祭坛拆毁了，

46 They stored the stones in a suitable place on the temple hill, until a prophet should come and decide what to do with them.

将那些石头安放在圣殿山上一个适当的地方，直到一位先知来到，再另行安排。

47 Then they took uncut stones, according to the law, and built a new altar like the former one.

他们按法律用整块石头，照原先的样式，另修了一座新祭坛。

48 They also repaired the sanctuary and the interior of the temple and purified the courts.

将圣所及圣殿内部都修饰好，也祝圣了庭院。

49 They made new sacred vessels and brought the lampstand, the altar of incense, and the table into the temple.

又制造了新的圣器，将灯台、香坛、供桌，搬进圣殿。

50 Then they burned incense on the altar and lighted the lamps on the lampstand, and these illuminated the temple.

在香坛上献香，又点着了灯台上的灯，在殿里放光。

51 They also put loaves on the table and hung up curtains. Thus they finished all the work they had undertaken.

在供桌上放上饼，将帐幔挂起来；他们应作的一切工作，于是完成。

52 6 Early in the morning on the twenty-fifth day of the ninth month, that is, the month of Chislev, in the year one hundred and forty-eight,

一四八年九月，即“基色娄”月，二十五日清晨，他们起来，

53 they arose and offered sacrifice according to the law on the new altar of holocausts that they had made.

按照法律，在新建的全燔祭坛上献祭。

54 On the anniversary of the day on which the Gentiles had defiled it, on that very day it was reconsecrated with songs, harps, flutes, and cymbals.

即在异民玷污祭坛的同月同日，于唱歌、弹琴、鼓瑟和鸣钹中，祝圣了祭坛。

55 All the people prostrated themselves and adored and praised Heaven, who had given them success.

全体百姓都俯首至地，钦崇赞美那使他们成功的上天。

56 For eight days they celebrated the dedication of the altar and joyfully offered holocausts and sacrifices of deliverance and praise.

八日之久，举行祭坛的祝圣典礼，都欢乐地献了全燔祭、和平祭及感恩祭。

57 They ornamented the facade of the temple with gold crowns and shields; they repaired the gates and the priests' chambers and furnished them with doors.

他们又用金冠铜牌，装饰圣殿正面，又重修大门和厢房，安上门户。

58 There was great joy among the people now that the disgrace of the Gentiles was removed.

民众皆大欢喜，因为异民所加于他们的耻辱，现在全除去了。

59 7 Then Judas and his brothers and the entire congregation of Israel decreed that the days of the dedication of the altar should be observed with joy and gladness on the anniversary every year for eight days, from the twenty-fifth day of the month Chislev.

犹大和他的兄弟们，以及以色列全会众，规定年年在这节期，庆祝重新祝圣祭坛节，即由“基色娄”月二十五日起，一连八天欢乐庆祝，

60 At that time they built high walls and strong towers around Mount Zion, to prevent the Gentiles from coming and trampling over it as they had done before.

那时他们也重修熙雍山，在周围建起高墙和巩固的碉楼，免得异民再来，象从前一样蹂躏。

61 Judas also placed a garrison there to protect it, and likewise fortified Beth-zur, that the people might have a stronghold facing Idumea.

犹大又派军队在那里护守；并在贝特族尔设防，使人民对依杜默雅有所保障。



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Footnotes（注解）

1 [15] Gazara: Gezer of the Hebrew Bible, five miles northwest of Emmaus; Azotus, Hebrew Ashdod, lay to the southwest; and Jamnia, Hebrew Jabneel (Joshua 15:11) or Jabneh (2 Chron 26:6), to the west of Gazara.

2 [22] Philistine territory: the coastal cities of southern Palestine, traditionally hostile to Jerusalem. Jamnia in particular was an important base for the Seleucid power.

3 [29] Beth-zur: an important frontier city in the mountain area, fifteen miles south of Jerusalem. Its inhabitants were sympathetic to the Maccabees and refused to receive Lysias.

4 [35] According to 2 Macc 11:13-15 peace negotiations followed between Lysias and Judas.

5 [36] The sanctuary: the whole temple area with its walls, courts and outbuildings, to be distinguished from the temple proper, the oblong edifice with porch, main room and inner shrine.

6 [52] Twenty-fifth day of the ninth month . . . in the year one hundred and forty-eight: December 14, 164 B.C.

7 [59] Days of the dedication . . . Chislev: institution of thefeast of Hannukah, also called the feast of Dedication (John 10:22). Josephus Flavius calls it the feast of Lights.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 5

1 1 When the Gentiles round about heard that the altar had been rebuilt and the sanctuary consecrated as before, they were very angry.

四邻的异民听说犹太人重建了祭坛，重新祝圣了圣所，恢复旧观，于是大怒，

2 So they decided to destroy the descendants of Jacob who were among them, and they began to massacre and persecute the people.

决意要铲除自己中间的雅各伯的后裔，就开始屠杀犹太人，加以清除。

3 2 Then Judas attacked the sons of Esau at Akrabattene in Idumea, because they were blockading Israel; he defeated them heavily, overcame and despoiled them.

那时犹大在依杜默雅的阿卡巴特乃，攻打正在包围以色列人的厄撒乌的后裔，加以痛击，予以重创；制服他们，获得了许多财物。

4 3 He also remembered the malice of the sons of Baean, who had become a snare and a stumbling block to the people by ambushing them along the roads.

他又想起贝红人的恶行，这些人常作犹太人的罗纲和绊脚石，埋伏在路上窥伺陷害。

5 He forced them to take refuge in towers, which he besieged; he vowed their annihilation and burned down the towers along with all the persons in them.

犹大将他们包围在碉堡里，安营攻打，下了毁灭令，遂放火将碉堡和其中所有的人焚烧了。

6 4 Then he crossed over to the Ammonites, where he found a strong army and a large body of people with Timothy as their leader.

以后去攻打阿孟子民时，遭遇了强悍大军，军长是提摩太。

7 He fought many battles with them, routed them, and struck them down.

两军交战多次，敌军终为犹大所击败，犹大追杀他们，

8 After seizing Jazer and its villages, he returned to Judea.

占据了雅则尔及所属村镇，然后回师犹太。

9 The Gentiles in Gilead assembled to attack and destroy the Israelites who were in their territory; these then fled to the stronghold of Dathema.

基肋阿得的异民聚集起来，攻击住在他们境内的以色列人，要消除他们；于是以色列人逃到达特玛堡垒里，

10 They sent a letter to Judas and his brothers saying: ＂The Gentiles around us have combined against us to destroy us,

写信给犹大及他的兄弟们说：＂我们四周的异民都聚集起来攻打我们，要铲除我们。

11 and they are preparing to come and seize this stronghold to which we have fled. Timothy is the leader of their army.

他们正准备来夺取我们避难的堡垒，提摩太是他们的军长；

12 Come at once and rescue us from them, for many of us have fallen.

所以现在，请你来拯救我们，脱离他们的手！我们已有许多人丧生。

13 All our kinsmen who were among the Tobiads have been killed; the Gentiles have carried away their wives and children and their goods, and they have slain there about a thousand men.＂

住

在托布的众弟兄已全被杀，妻子儿女被俘掳，财物被劫掠，在那里被杀的约一千人。＂

14 While they were reading this letter, suddenly other messengers, in torn clothes, arrived from Galilee to deliver a similar message:

正在读这封信时，又有从加里肋亚来的使者，他们的衣服业已撕破，报告消息说：

15 5 that the inhabitants of Ptolemais, Tyre, and Sidon, and the whole of Gentile Galilee had joined forces to destroy them.

＂仆托肋买、提洛、漆冬，以及外方人的加里肋亚，都已聚集起来，要消灭我们。＂

16 When Judas and the people heard this, a great assembly convened to consider what they should do for their unfortunate kinsmen who were being attacked by enemies.

犹大与百姓一听见这些消息，立即召集全体大会，商讨怎样拯救蒙难和被敌人攻打的弟兄们。

17 Judas said to his brother Simon: ＂Choose men for yourself, and go, rescue your kinsmen in Galilee; I and my brother Jonathan will go to Gilead.＂

犹大对哥哥息孟说：＂你挑选一部分人，去援救加里肋亚的弟兄；我同弟弟约纳堂，往基肋阿得去。＂

18 In Judea he left Joseph, son of Zechariah, and Azariah, leader of the people, with the rest of the army to guard it.

留下匝加黎雅的儿子若瑟和匝加黎雅，管理军民，派他们与其余的军队守护犹太。

19 ＂Take charge of these people,＂ he commanded them, ＂but do not fight against the Gentiles until we return.＂

又吩咐他们说：＂你们只管理百姓，不要与异民交战，直到我回来。＂

20 Three thousand men were allotted to Simon, to go into Galilee, and eight thousand men to Judas, for Gilead.

于是拨给息孟三千人，往加里肋亚去；犹大率领八千人，往基肋阿得去。

21 Simon went into Galilee and fought many battles with the Gentiles. They were crushed before him,

息孟到了加里肋亚，与异民打了几仗，异民终不支溃败；

22 and he pursued them to the very gate of Ptolemais. About three thousand men of the Gentiles fell, and he gathered their spoils.

息孟追击他们直到仆托肋买城外，异民阵亡的约有三千；他获得了许多财物。

23 He took with him the Jews who were in Galilee and in Arbatta, with their wives and children and all that they had, and brought them to Judea with great rejoicing.

然后将住在加里肋亚和阿尔巴达的犹太人，同妻子儿女，以及所有的东西带回犹太，大家都很高兴。

24 Judas Maccabeus and his brother Jonathan crossed the Jordan and marched for three days through the desert.

犹大玛加伯和弟弟约纳堂，过了约旦河，在旷野里行了三天的路；

25 6 There they met some Nabateans, who received them peacefully and told them all that had happened to the Jews in Gilead:

5纳巴泰人遇着他们，对他们表示欢迎，并将他们的弟兄在基肋阿得地的一切遭遇，报告给他们：

26 ＂Many of them have been imprisoned in Bozrah, in Bosor near Alema, in Chaspho, Maked, and Carnaim＂--all of these are large, fortified cities—

“他们中有许多人，怎样被困在波索辣、波索尔、阿肋玛、加斯佛、玛刻得和卡尔纳殷，这些城池都很坚固高大。

27 ＂and some have been imprisoned in other cities of Gilead. Tomorrow their enemies plan to attack the strongholds and to seize and destroy all these people in one day.＂

还有被困在基肋阿得其他城中的，敌人决定明天进军攻打这些堡垒，计划在一天之内占领，并消灭其中所有的人。”

28 Thereupon Judas suddenly changed direction with his army, marched across the desert to Bozrah, and captured the city. He slaughtered all the male population, took all their possessions, and set fire to the city.

犹大领着军队，突然转变方向，经过旷野，到了波索辣，占据了那城，用刀杀尽所有的男丁，夺取了他们的一切财物，然后放火烧了那城。

29 He led his army from that place by night, and they marched toward the stronghold of Dathema.

从那里夜间起身，来到达特玛堡垒前，

30 When morning came, they looked ahead and saw a countless multitude of people, with ladders and devices for capturing the stronghold, and beginning to attack the people within.

黎明时，举目一望，看见无数军民，带着云梯与器械，攻打堡垒，正向堡垒里的人攻击。

31 When Judas perceived that the struggle had begun and that the noise of the battle was resounding to heaven with trumpet blasts and loud shouting,

犹大见战事已起，杀声连天，角声喊声，混成一片，

32 he said to the men of his army, ＂Fight for our kinsmen today.＂

便向兵士说：“今天你们要为弟兄而战。”

33 He came up behind them with three columns blowing their trumpets and shouting in prayer.

遂从敌后分三队进军，同时一起吹角、呼喊、祈祷。

34 When the army of Timothy realized that it was Maccabeus, they fell back before him, and he inflicted on them a crushing defeat. About eight thousand of their men fell that day.

提摩太的军队，一认出是玛加伯，就望风而逃；玛加伯追击他们，予以重创，那一天敌方死的约有八千人。

35 Then he turned toward Alema and attacked and captured it; he killed all the male population, plundered the place, and burned it down.

随后犹大转往阿肋玛，攻陷了那城，杀了所有的男丁，得了许多财物，然后放火将城烧了。

36 From there he moved on and took Chaspho, Maked, Bosor, and the other cities of Gilead.

由此再往前进，将加斯佛、玛刻得、波索尔和基肋阿得的其余诸城都占领了。

37 After these events Timothy assembled another army and camped opposite Raphon, on the other side of the stream.

这些事以后，提摩太又集合其他军队，在辣丰对面，河的那一边扎营。

38 Judas sent men to spy on the camp, and they reported to him: ＂All the Gentiles around us have rallied to him, making a very large force;

犹大差人前去侦探敌军，他们回报说：“我们四周的异民，都与他们联合，组成一支人数非常众多的军队，

39 they have also hired Arabs to help them, and have camped beyond the stream, ready to attack you.＂ So Judas went forward to attack them.

还雇佣阿刺伯人来协助，都在河那边扎营，准备与你作战。”犹大就前去迎敌。

40 As Judas and his army were approaching the running stream, Timothy said to the officers of his army: ＂If he crosses over to us first, we shall not be able to resist him; he will certainly defeat us.

当犹大和他的军队临近河旁时，提摩太向他的军官们说：“若犹大先渡到我们这边，我们就不能抵抗他，他必能制胜我们；

41 But if he is afraid and camps on the other side of the river, we will cross over to him and defeat him.＂

如果他畏惧，安营在河那边，我们就渡河到他那边去，我们必能制胜他。”

42 But when Judas reached the running stream, he stationed the officers of the people beside the stream and gave them this order: ＂Do not allow any man to pitch a tent; all must go into battle.＂

犹大一近急流水旁，便将民间经师布置在河旁，命令他们说：不准任何人留在营里，都应上阵作战。”

43 He was the first to cross to the attack, with all the people behind him, and the Gentiles were crushed before them; they threw away their arms and fled to the temple enclosure at Carnaim.

犹大便先渡河到他们那边，众军人尾随在后。所有的异民一见，便立即溃散，抛下武器，逃往卡尔纳殷庙去了。

44 The Jews captured that city and burnt the enclosure with all who were in it. So Carnaim was subdued, and Judas met with no more resistance.

犹太人又攻陷此城，将庙宇和其中众人，放火焚毁，卡尔纳殷遂被征服，从此不敢再反抗犹大。

45 Then he assembled all the Israelites, great and small, who were in Gilead, with their wives and children and their goods, a great crowd of people, to go into the land of Judah.

那时犹大将住在基肋阿得的全体以色列人，将他们及他们的妻子儿女，不分老幼，集合起来，结成庞大的一群，带着他们所有的一切，返回犹太地。

46 7 When they reached Ephron, a large and strongly fortified city along the way, they found it impossible to encircle it on either the right or the left; they would have to march right through it.

当他们临近厄斐龙时，——这是一座位于要道的大城，非常巩固，人只可从城中经过，左右不能通行。

47 But the men in the city shut them out and blocked up the gates with stones.

城里的人将城门紧闭，且用石头堵塞起来。

48 Then Judas sent them this peaceful message: ＂We wish to cross your territory in order to reach our own; no one will harm you; we will only march through.＂ But they would not open to him.

犹大打发人到他们那里，措辞和气地向他们说：“请让我们从你们的地方经过，到我们的地方去；无人骚扰你们，我们只求步行过去。”但是他们仍不肯给以色列人开门。

49 So Judas ordered a proclamation to be made in the camp that everyone make an attack from the place where he was.

犹大便传令军中：每人驻扎在原处。

50 When the men of the army took up their positions, he assaulted the city all that day and night, and it was delivered to him.

士兵于是进攻，攻打了一日一夜，城便陷落在他们手里，

51 He slaughtered every male, razed and plundered the city, and passed through it over the slain.

他们用刀剑杀尽所有男子，将城彻底毁灭，得了许多财物，踏在死尸上，穿过城市。

52 Then they crossed the Jordan to the great plain in front of Beth-shan;

渡过约旦，到了贝特商对面的大平原。

53 and Judas kept rounding up the stragglers and encouraging the people the whole way, until he reached the land of Judah.

犹大将那些迟迟在后的人集合起来，一路鼓励百姓，直至来到了犹大地。

54 They ascended Mount Zion in joy and gladness and offered holocausts, because not one of them had fallen; they had returned in safety.

大家兴高米烈地上了熙雍山，献了全燔祭；他们中没有一个丧亡的都平安回来了。

55 During the time that Judas and Jonathan were in the land of Gilead, and Simon his brother was in Galilee opposite Ptolemais,

当犹大与约纳堂在基肋阿得，他的哥哥息孟在加里肋亚攻仆托肋买的时日，

56 Joseph, son of Zechariah, and Azariah, the leaders of the army, heard about the brave deeds and the fighting that they were doing.

匝加黎雅的儿子若瑟和阿匝黎雅，这两个军长，听到他们作的大事和武功，

57 They said, ＂Let us also make a name for ourselves by going out and fighting against the Gentiles around us.＂

就说：“我们自己也要成名，去与我们四周的异民作战。”

58 They gave orders to the men of their army who were with them, and marched toward Jamnia.

于是命令所属部队，向雅木尼雅进军，

59 But Gorgias and his men came out of the city to meet them in battle.

哥尔基雅及其属下，便出城迎击。

60 Joseph and Azariah were beaten, and were pursued to the frontiers of Judea, and about two thousand Israelites fell that day.

若瑟与阿匝黎雅败退，被追赶到犹太边境。那一天，以色列人死亡的约有两千。

61 It was a bad defeat for the people, because they had not obeyed Judas and his brothers, thinking that they would do brave deeds.

百姓这次所以遭受惨败，是因为这二人自信能成英雄，没有听从犹大及其他兄弟们的话。

62 But they did not belong to the family of those men to whom it was granted to achieve Israel's salvation.

原来他们二人不属于解救以色列人的后裔。

63 The valiant Judas and his brothers were greatly renowned in all Israel and among all the Gentiles, wherever their name was heard;

至于犹大本人和他的兄弟，大受全以色列及所有听到他们名声的异民所赞扬，

64 and men gathered about them and praised them.

人人都聚到他们跟前欢呼。

65 8 Then Judas and his brothers went out and attacked the sons of Esau in the country toward the south; he took Hebron and its villages, and he destroyed its strongholds and burned the towers around it.

犹大同他的兄弟们，又出征住在南方的厄撒乌子民，攻陷了赫贝龙及所属村镇，毁坏了城堡，焚烧了城墙四周的碉楼。

66 He then set out for the land of the Philistines and passed through Marisa.

然后拔营前进，经过玛黎撒，来到陪肋舍特人的地域。

67 At that time some priests fell in battle who had gone out rashly to fight in their desire to distinguish themselves.

一天，一些司祭阵亡了，因为他们也想成英雄，轻率地出征作战。

68 Judas then turned toward Azotus in the land of the Philistines. He destroyed their altars and burned the statues of their gods; and after plundering their cities he returned to the land of Judah.

犹大又转往培肋舍特人的地方阿左托，毁坏了他们的祭坛，焚烧了他们的神像，抢掠了各城的财物，然后回了犹大地。



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Footnotes（注解）

1 [1] The events of this chapter occurred within the year 163 B.C.

2 Akrabattene: a district southwest of the Dead Sea.

3 [4] Sons of Baean: 2 Macc 10:15-23 calls them simply Idumeans.

4 [6-8] This summary anticipates the order of events and would fit better between 1 Macc 5:36 and 37. It corresponds to 2 Macc 12:17-23. The action was probably a reprisal for the massacre referred to in 1 Macc 5:13. Timothy was the Seleucid governor of Transjordan. Jazer: a town on the road from the Jordan to Amman.

5 [15] Ptolemais: Hebrew Acco (Judges 1:31), modern Acre, on the coast north of Haifa.

6 [25] Nabateans: an Arab people who acquired wealth and power as caravan merchants in the final two centuries B.C. They settled down, established Petra as their capital, and for a time controlled all of Transjordan, even as far as Damascus. It was from a Nabatean governor that St. Paul escaped about 38 A.D. (2 Cor 11:32-33).

7 [46] Ephron: a city in Transjordan opposite Beth-shan, about five miles east of the Jordan River. Situated on a height, it dominated the valleys of the two tributaries of the Jordan.

8 [65] Sons of Esau: Idumeans.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 6

1 1 As King Antiochus was traversing the inland provinces, he heard that in Persia there was a city called Elymais, famous for its wealth in silver and gold,

安提约古王出巡高原时，听说在波斯有一座城，名叫厄里买，以富有金银著名；

2 and that its temple was very rich, containing gold helmets, breastplates, and weapons left there by Alexander, son of Philip, king of Macedon, the first king of the Greeks.

城中的庙宇很富，并且还有金盾铠甲和武器，都是马其顿王斐理伯之子希腊首任国王亚历山大遗留下的。

3 He went therefore and tried to capture and pillage the city. But he could not do so, because his plan became known to the people of the city

他便来到那里，想攻占那城，但没有成功，因为城里的人早已知道他的来意，

4 who rose up in battle against him. So he retreated and in great dismay withdrew from there to return to Babylon.

竟起来与他交战，他临阵逃走，狼狈地离开那里，回到巴比伦。

5 While he was in Persia, a messenger brought him news that the armies sent into the land of Judah had been put to flight;

有人来到波斯给他报告说：＂那开往犹大地的军队已经败退；

6 that Lysias had gone at first with a strong army and been driven back by the Israelites; that they had grown strong by reason of the arms, men, and abundant possessions taken from the armies they had destroyed;

带劲旅去前线的里息雅一见犹太人就退却，犹太人却夺得败军的兵器及大批物资，力量大增。

7 that they had pulled down the Abomination which he had built upon the altar in Jerusalem; and that they had surrounded with high walls both the sanctuary, as it had been before, and his city of Beth-zur.

他们又拆毁王在耶路撒冷的祭坛上建立的可憎之物，将圣所及贝特族尔王寨用高墙围起来，恢复了旧观。＂

8 When the king heard this news, he was struck with fear and very much shaken. Sick with grief because his designs had failed, he took to his bed.

王听了这些话，惊慌失措，倒在床上，忧郁成疾，因为事情没有符合他的理想。

9 There he remained many days, overwhelmed with sorrow, for he knew he was going to die.

在那里一连多日，忧郁日渐加重，知道死期近了，

10 So he called in all his Friends and said to them: ＂Sleep has departed from my eyes, for my heart is sinking with anxiety.

便将他的诸位朋友叫来，对他们说：睡眠离开了我的眼睛，愁思齐集在我的心头。

11 I said to myself: ‘Into what tribulation have I come, and in what floods of sorrow am I now!

我心里想，从前我得势的时候，多么高兴，多么受人爱戴；如今遭受的是什么灾难，遇到的是什么巨浪啊！

12 Yet I was kindly and beloved in my rule.‘ But I now recall the evils I did in Jerusalem, when I carried away all the vessels of gold and silver that were in it, and for no cause gave orders that the inhabitants of Judah be destroyed.

现在回想起我在耶路撒冷所作的恶事：我掠去城中的一切金器银器、无缘无故遣人去消灭犹大的居民。

13 I know that this is why these evils have overtaken me; and now I am dying, in bitter grief, in a foreign land.＂

如今我明白了，我遭遇这些凶祸，正是为了这个缘故，看，我将在异乡忧郁而死！＂

14 Then he summoned Philip, one of his Friends, and put him in charge of his whole kingdom.

他将自己的一个朋友斐理伯叫来，立他为全国的元首；

15 He gave him his crown, his robe, and his signet ring, so that he might guide the king's son Antiochus and bring him up to be king.

然后将自己的冠冕、长袍和权戒交给他，叫他辅导自己的儿子安提约古，抚养他继承王位。

16 2 King Antiochus died in Persia in the year one hundred and forty-nine.

安提约古王就死在那里，时在一百四十九年。

17 3 When Lysias learned that the king was dead, he set up the king's son Antiochus, whom he had reared as a child, to be king in his place; and he gave him the title Eupator.

里息雅知道王已去世，遂立太子安提约古为王，因为他自幼抚养过他，就给他起名叫欧帕托尔。

18 The men in the citadel were hemming in Israel around the sanctuary, continually trying to harm them and to strengthen the Gentiles.

那时，那些住在堡垒里的人，常包围圣所，困扰以色列人，不断加害百姓，而支持异民。

19 But Judas planned to destroy them, and called all the people together to besiege them.

犹大决意铲除他们，便召集全体百姓，向他们围攻。

20 4 So in the year one hundred and fifty they assembled and stormed the citadel, for which purpose he constructed catapults and other devices.

在一百五十年上，以色列人齐来围攻堡垒，同时还造了战楼与军械。

21 Some of the besieged escaped, joined by impious Israelites;

被包围的人中，有几个突围而出，与一些以色列浪人勾结，

22 they went to the king and said: ＂How long will you fail to do justice and avenge our kinsmen?

去见王说：＂你何时才实行正义，为我们的弟兄伸冤呢？

23 We agreed to serve your father and to follow his orders and obey his edicts.

我们很愿意服事你的父亲，遵行他的话，顺从他的命令，

24 And for this the sons of our people have become our enemies; they have put to death as many of us as they could find and have plundered our estates.

为这个缘故，我们的百姓才包围堡垒，仇视我们，遇见我们一个，便杀一个，还夺去了我们的产业。

25 They have acted aggressively not only against us, but throughout their whole territory.

他们不但伸手加害我们，而且还加害你的一切领域。

26 Look! They have now besieged the citadel in Jerusalem in order to capture it, and they have fortified the sanctuary and Beth-zur.

他们今天正扎营围困耶路撒冷的堡垒，想要占据；且防守圣所及贝特族尔。

27 Unless you quickly forestall them, they will do even worse things than these, and you will not be able to stop them.＂

若不及早加以防范，必为后患，那你就不能制服他们了。

28 When the king heard this he was angry, and he called together all his Friends, the officers of his army, and the commanders of the cavalry.

王听罢大怒，立即召集诸位幕友、军官和骑兵将领，

29 Mercenary forces also came to him from other kingdoms and from the islands of the seas.

也把从外国及海岛招募来的军队，召到他前。

30 His army numbered a hundred thousand foot-soldiers, twenty thousand cavalry, and thirty-two elephants trained for war.

军队的数目：共计步兵十万，骑兵两万，受过军训的象三十二头。

31 They passed through Idumea and camped before Beth-zur. For many days they attacked it; they constructed siege-devices, but the besieged made a sortie and burned these, and they fought bravely.

他们由依杜默雅抵达后，便扎营围困贝特族尔，攻打了多日，同时也造了军械；但犹太人冲出来，用火烧了那些军械，都奋勇作战。

32 Then Judas marched away from the citadel and moved his camp to Beth-zechariah, on the way to the king's camp.

那时犹大撒离堡垒，移营到贝特匝加黎雅，与王营对峙。

33 The king, rising before dawn, moved his force hastily along the road to Beth-zechariah; and the armies prepared for battle, while the trumpets sounded.

王清晨起来，移营向贝特匝加黎雅进军，军队列队上阵，响起号角。

34 They showed the elephants the juice of grapes and mulberries to provoke them to fight.

有人在象前，放上葡萄汁和桑葚汁，引诱它们上阵作战，

35 The beasts were distributed along the phalanxes, each elephant having assigned to it a thousand men in coats of mail, with bronze helmets, and five hundred picked cavalry.

把象分编成队，每只象旁站一千人，都身披铠甲，头戴铜盔；又为每只象派有精骑五百。

36 These anticipated the beast wherever it was; and wherever it moved, they moved too and never left it.

这些骑兵从前常同这兽在一起，兽往那里去，他们也随着去，总不离开。

37 A strong wooden tower covering each elephant, and fastened to it by a harness, held, besides the Indian mahout, three soldiers who fought from it.

在每只兽身上系着一座掩护坚固的木楼，里面有四个作战勇士，此外还有一个驾驭象的印度人。

38 The remaining cavalry were stationed on one or the other of the two flanks of the army, to harass the enemy and to be protected from the phalanxes.

又将其余马队，分为军中左右两翼，为惊扰对方，也为掩护阵线。

39 When the sun shone on the gold and bronze shields, the mountains gleamed with their brightness and blazed like flaming torches.

太阳照在金牌铜牌上，光耀反射在山上，闪烁有如火炬。

40 Part of the king's army extended over the heights, while some were on low ground, but they marched forward steadily and in good order.

王的军队一部分在高山上，一部分在平原里，一起稳步前进。

41 All who heard the noise of their numbers, the tramp of their marching, and the clashing of the arms, trembled; for the army was very great and strong.

众人的喧哗声，进军的步伐声，军器的摩擦声，凡听见的莫不战栗，因为王的军队实在强大。

42 Judas with his army advanced to fight, and six hundred men of the king's army fell.

犹大和他的军队一临阵，王的军队便阵亡了六百人。

43 Eleazar, called Avaran, saw one of the beasts bigger than any of the others and covered with royal armor, and he thought the king must be on it.

号称奥郎的厄肋阿匝尔，见一只兽披着王甲，比众兽都高，便以为在上面的是王，

44 So he gave up his life to save his people and win an everlasting name for himself.

为了拯救百姓，为自己永远成名，他就决意牺牲自己。

45 He dashed up to it in the middle of the phalanx, killing men right and left, so that they fell back from him on both sides.

于是勇往直前，冲人阵中，左右乱杀，敌军居然被他随处冲散；

46 He ran right under the elephant and stabbed it in the belly, killing it. The beast fell to the ground on top of him, and he died there.

他跑到象下，伏身将它刺杀了，象跌倒在地，压在他身上，他就死在那里。

47 When the Jews saw the strength of the royal army and the ardor of its forces, they retreated from them.

犹大人见王的军力强盛，军队攻击得又凶猛，就从他们前退却了。

48 A part of the king's army went up to Jerusalem to attack them, and the king established camps in Judea and at Mount Zion.

王的军队直开往耶路撒冷，攻打他们，王便面对犹大和熙雍山安营。

49 5 He made peace with the men of Beth-zur, and they evacuated the city, because they had no food there to enable them to stand a siege, for that was a sabbath year in the land.

王与贝特族尔人讲了和，他们就出了城，是因为城被包围已没有存粮，又因为那一年正是田地的安息年。

50 The king took Beth-zur and stationed a garrison there to hold it.

王便占据了贝特族尔，在那里派军队把守。

51 For many days he besieged the sanctuary, setting up artillery and machines, fire-throwers, catapults and mechanical bows for shooting arrows and slingstones.

王在圣所对面安营多日，且在那里建立了战楼，制造军械，火箭机，抛石机和蝎子机，为发箭抛石。

52 The Jews countered by setting up machines of their own, and kept up the fight a long time.

犹太人为抵抗敌人的武器，自己也制造了利器，双方酣战多日。

53 But there were no provisions in the storerooms, because it was the seventh year, and the tide-over provisions had been eaten up by those who had been rescued from the Gentiles and brought to Judea.

只是仓中没有粮食，因为这年正是安息年，又因为从外方被救回犹大地的人民，将存粮都吃光了，

54 Few men remained in the sanctuary; the rest scattered, each to his own home, for the famine was too much for them.

所以在圣所里只留下少数的人，因为饥饿逼人，各自四散回本乡去了。

55 Lysias heard that Philip, whom King Antiochus, before his death, had appointed to train his son Antiochus to be king,

里息雅听说，当先王还活着的时候，派定抚养自己的儿子安提约古，并辅佐他为王的斐理伯，

56 had returned from Persia and Media with the army that accompanied the king, and that he was seeking to take over the government.

和与王一起出征的军队，从波斯及玛待回来，企图夺取政权。

57 So he hastily resolved to withdraw. He said to the king, the leaders of the army, and the soldiers: ＂We are grow-ing weaker every day, our provisions are scanty, the place we are besieging is strong, and it is our duty to take care of the affairs of the kingdom.

里息雅一听说，就决意急速撤兵，便向王与军官及众人说：＂我们一天比一天衰弱，又缺少食粮，围困的地方又牢不可破，况且国家的大事都压在我们身上，

58 Therefore let us now come to terms with these men, and make peace with them and all their nation.

所以现在我们不如先同这些人携手，与他们及他们的百姓讲和，

59 Let us grant them freedom to live according to their own laws as formerly; it was on account of their laws, which we abolished, that they became angry and did all these things.＂

使他们按自己的法律生活，如同先前一样，因为他们正是为了我们废弃他们法律的缘故，才大发盛怒，作出这一切事。＂

60 The proposal found favor with the king and the leaders;

王和各将领都满意这话，

61 he sent peace terms to the Jews, and they accepted. So the king and the leaders swore an oath to them, and on these terms they evacuated the fortification.

便打发使者到犹太人那里去讲和，犹太人也予以接受。 王和各将领也对他们发了誓，因此他们才从堡垒里出来。

62 But when the king entered Mount Zion and saw how the place was fortified, he broke the oath he had sworn and gave orders for the encircling wall to be destroyed.

可是，当王到了熙雍山，见了这地方的堡垒，便立时背弃誓约，命人将四周的围墙拆毁。

63 Then he departed in haste and returned to Antioch, where he found Philip in possession of the city. He fought against him and took the city by force.

然后急速起程，回到安提约基雅，见斐理伯已在城内掌权，就与他作战，用武力将城夺回。



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Footnotes（注解）

1 [1] Elymais: the mountainous region of Elam, north of the Persian Gulf. This section continues the story from 1 Macc 3:37 and pertains to events preceding those in 1 Macc 4:37-39.

2 [16] The year one hundred and forty-nine: September 22, 164, to October 9, 163 B.C. A Babylonian list of the Seleucid kings indicates that Antiochus died in November or early December of 164.

3 [17] The king's son Antiochus: Antiochus V Eupator, then about nine years old. He was in Antioch, still in the charge of Lysias, who proceeded to govern and wage wars in his name. Both were put to death two years later, when Demetrius, brother of Antiochus IV, arrived to claim the kingship; cf 1 Macc 7:1-3.

4 [20] The year one hundred and fifty: October, 163, to September, 162 B.C.

5 [49] A sabbath year in the land: when sowing and reaping were prohibited (Exodus 23:10-11; Lev 25:2-7). The year without a harvest (autumn of 164 to autumn of 163) was followed by a food shortage.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 7

1 1 In the year one hundred and fifty-one, Demetrius, son of Seleucus, set out from Rome, arrived with a few men in a city on the seacoast, and began to rule there.

一百五十一年，色娄苛的儿子德默特琉，逃离罗马，带着少数几个人，在沿海的一座城登陆，在那里称王。

2 As he was preparing to enter the royal palace of his ancestors, the soldiers seized Antiochus and Lysias to bring them to him.

当他要进入祖先的王宫时，他的军队将安提约古和里息雅逮捕了，要给他解来。

3 When he was informed of this, he said, ＂Do not show me their faces.＂

但他一听说这事，就说：＂你们不要让我见他们的面。＂

4 So the soldiers killed them, and Demetrius sat on the royal throne.

军队便将他们杀了；德默特琉于是坐上了本国的王位。

5 2 Then all the lawless and impious men of Israel came to him. They were led by Alcimus, who desired to be high priest.

那时，一般无法无天的以色列人，以想作大司祭的阿尔基慕为首，竟来到王跟前，

6 They made this accusation to the king against the people: ＂Judas and his brothers have destroyed all your friends and have driven us out of our country.

控告自己的百姓说：＂犹大和他的兄弟们，杀害了你所有的朋友，也使我们离开本国。

7 So now, send a man whom you trust to go and see all the havoc Judas has done to us and to the king's land, and let him punish them and all their supporters.＂

现在，请派遣你信赖的人，去看看他们加于我们及王国的一切破坏情形，然后对他们和他们的助手处以惩罚。＂

8 Then the king chose Bacchides, one of the King's Friends, governor of West-of-Euphrates, a great man in the kingdom, and faithful to the king.

王便从自己的朋友中选了巴基德；他原是河西的总督，国家的一位要人，且忠于君王。

9 He sent him and the impious Alcimus, to whom he granted the high priesthood, with orders to take revenge on the Israelites.

王派他与恶棍阿耳基慕同去，且委任阿耳基慕为大司祭，叫他向以色列子民复仇。

10 They set out and, on arriving in the land of Judah with a great army, sent messengers who spoke deceitfully to Judas and his brothers in peaceful terms.

他们带着大军动身到了犹大地，就打发使者，向犹大及其兄弟们和谈，欺骗他们；

11 But these paid no attention to their words, seeing that they had come with a great army.

不过他们并不理会那些人的话，因为已看出他们带着大军而来的用意。

12 A group of scribes, however, gathered about Alcimus and Bacchides to ask for a just agreement.

无如，经师团竟集体去见阿耳基慕和巴基德，要求公正调解。

13 The Hasideans were the first among the Israelites to seek peace with them,

其次，在以色列平民中，首先是哈息待人向他们求和，

14 for they said, ＂A priest of the line of Aaron has come with the army, and he will not do us any wrong.＂

因为他们想：＂来者是位亚郎后裔的司祭，他虽然带着军队，但决不会加害我们。＂

15 He spoke with them peacefully and swore to them, ＂We will not try to injure you or your friends.＂

阿尔基慕遂向他们说了一些亲善的话，还发誓说：＂我们决不谋害你们及你们的朋友！

16 So they trusted him. But he arrested sixty of them and killed them in one day, according to the text of Scripture:

他们便信了他的话。那料想阿耳基慕竟捕去他们六十人，在一天之内将他们都杀死，应验了经上这句话：

17 ＂The flesh of your saints they have strewn, and their blood they have shed round about Jerusalem, and there was no one to bury them.＂

＂在耶路撒冷四周，他们分散了你圣者的肉体，倾流了他们的血，无人埋葬。＂

18 Then fear and dread of them came upon all the people, who said: ＂There is no truth or justice among them; they violated the agreement and the oath that they swore.＂

于是，恐怖战栗笼罩着整个百姓；遂说：＂这些人没有真理，没有正义，违犯了盟约，背弃了发过的誓言。

19 3 Bacchides withdrew from Jerusalem and pitched his camp in Beth-zaith. He had many of the men arrested who deserted to him, throwing them into the great pit.

那时巴基德，从耶路撒冷出发，在贝特斋特安营，打发人将许多逃来跟从他的人，和一些平民拘捕杀害，投在大坑里。

20 He handed the province over to Alcimus, leaving troops to help him, while he himself returned to the king.

然后把这地委托给阿耳基慕管理，又给他留下军队协助他；巴基德就回到王那里去了。

21 Alcimus spared no pains to maintain his high priesthood,

阿耳基慕仍作为大司祭而活动；

22 and all those who were disturbing their people gathered about him. They took possession of the land of Judah and caused great distress in Israel.

那些扰乱自己百姓的人，都同他联合，占据了犹大地，在以色列中酿成了大祸。

23 When Judas saw all the evils that Alcimus and his men were bringing upon the Israelites, more than even the Gentiles had done,

犹大见阿耳基慕及跟从他的人，对以色列子民所行的一切，比异民还坏，

24 he went about all the borders of Judea and took revenge on the men who had deserted, preventing them from going out into the country.

便出巡犹太四境，对叛徒采取报复，阻止他们到乡间去。

25 But when Alcimus saw that Judas and his followers were gaining strength and realized that he could not oppose them, he returned to the king and accused them of grave crimes.

阿耳基慕一见犹大和他的同伴力量强大，自知不能抵抗，就回到王前，控告他们许多罪行。

26 Then the king sent Nicanor, one of his famous officers, who was a bitter enemy of Israel, with orders to destroy the people.

王的一位名将尼加诺尔，很仇恨以色列人，王就派遣他，命他去歼灭这百姓。

27 4 Nicanor came to Jerusalem with a large force and deceitfully sent to Judas and his brothers this peaceable message:

尼加诺尔率领大军，一来到耶路撒冷，便派人去见犹大和他的兄弟们，诈言和谈说：

28 ＂Let there be no fight between me and you. I will come with a few men to meet you peaceably.＂

＂愿你我之间，没有战争。我愿同少数人来，与你们和平会面。＂

29 So he came to Judas, and they greeted one another peaceably. But Judas' enemies were prepared to seize him.

于是尼加诺尔去见犹大，彼此和气地请了安；可是敌人已准备好要劫持犹大。

30 When he became aware that Nicanor had come to him with treachery in mind, Judas was afraid and would not meet him again.

犹大一知他来意不善，就非常害怕，不愿再见他的面。

31 5 When Nicanor saw that his plan had been discovered, he went out to fight Judas near Capharsalama.

尼加诺尔知道自己的计谋已被识破，就出去在加法撒拉玛对面，和犹大交战。

32 About five hundred men of Nicanor's army fell; the rest fled to the City of David.

这次，尼加诺尔的军队死的，约有五百人，其余的人都逃到达味城里。

33 After this, Nicanor went up to Mount Zion. Some of the priests from the sanctuary and some of the elders of the people came out to greet him peaceably and to show him the holocaust that was being offered for the king.

这些事过后，尼加诺尔上了熙雍山。有几位司祭和几位民间长老从圣所里出来，和颜悦色地向他请安，并将为君王所献的全燔祭品，指给他看。

34 6 But he mocked and ridiculed them, defiled them, and spoke disdainfully.

但他对那些人却加以轻慢、嘲笑、亵渎，还说了一些傲慢的话。

35 In a rage he swore: ＂If Judas and his army are not delivered to me at once, when I return victorious I will burn this temple down.＂ He went away in great anger.

5且又忿怒地发誓说：＂犹大和他的军队，若不立即交在我手里，当我平安回来时，必要将这殿宇烧毁。＂以后气愤地出去了。

36 The priests, however, went in and stood before the altar and the sanctuary. They wept and said:

司祭便进去，站在祭坛及圣殿前哭泣说：

37 ＂You have chosen this house to bear your name, to be a house of prayer and petition for your people.

＂主啊！是你选择了这地方，使它因你的名而得名，作为你百姓祈祷呼吁的殿宇。

38 Take revenge on this man and his army, and let them fall by the sword. Remember their blasphemies, and do not let them continue.＂

求你在这人和他的军队身上复仇，使他们死在刀剑下！你要记住他们的亵渎，不容他们存在！＂

39 Nicanor left Jerusalem and pitched his camp at Beth-horon, where the Syrian army joined him.

尼加诺尔撤出耶路撒冷，在贝特曷龙安营，在那里有一只叙利亚的军队与他会合。

40 7 But Judas camped in Adasa with three thousand men. Here Judas uttered this prayer:

犹大率领三千人，在阿达撒安营。犹大祈祷说：

41 ＂When they who were sent by the king blasphemed, your angel went out and killed a hundred and eighty-five thousand of them.

主啊！当亚述君王的兵士说亵渎话时，你的天使出来，杀死了他们十八万五千。

42 In the same way, crush this army before us today, and let the rest know that Nicanor spoke wickedly against your sanctuary; judge him according to his wickedness.＂

今天，你也在我们面前，同样歼灭这支军队罢！使其余的人知道，他曾咒骂过你的圣所。请按他的恶行处罚他！＂

43 The armies met in battle on the thirteenth day of the month Adar. Nicanor's army was crushed, and he himself was the first to fall in the battle.

＂阿达尔＂月十三日，双方军队交战，尼加诺尔的军队溃败，他自己首先阵亡了。

44 When his army saw that Nicanor was dead, they threw down their arms and fled.

尼加诺尔的军队一见他死了，就弃甲逃走。

45 The Jews pursued them a day's journey, from Adasa to near Gazara, blowing the trumpets behind them as signals.

犹太人追赶他们有一天的路程，从阿达撒一直追到革则尔，还在他们后边吹角为号，

46 From all the surrounding villages of Judea people came out and closed in on them. They hemmed them in, and all the enemies fell by the sword; not a single one escaped.

使四周的犹太人，都从各村镇出来包围他们。于是敌军互相践踏，都丧身刀下，一个也没有留下。

47 Then the Jews collected the spoils and the booty; they cut off Nicanor's head and his right arm, which he had lifted up so arrogantly. These they brought to Jerusalem and displayed there.

犹太人得了战利品和赃物，砍下尼加诺尔的头和他傲慢伸过的右手，带回来，悬在耶路撒冷附近。

48 The people rejoiced greatly, and observed that day as a great festival.

百姓非常欢喜，庆祝那一天，有如喜庆的节日。

49 8 They decreed that it should be observed every year on the thirteenth of Adar.

于是规定每年＂阿达尔＂月十三日为庆日。

50 9 And for a short time the land of Judah was quiet.

犹大地遂平安了一个时期。



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Footnotes（注解）

1 [1-3] The year one hundred and fifty-one: the spring of 161 B.C. Demetrius, son of Seleucus, was the lawful heir to the kingdom; but when only nine years old, he was taken as a hostage at Rome in place of his uncle, who ruled as Antiochus IV Epiphanes. At the age of twenty-five Demetrius fled secretly from Rome and, with the support of the Syrians, overcame his rival Antiochus V and put him to death. The royal palace: at Antioch.

2 [5-6] Alcimus: a renegade Jew hostile to the Maccabees, who became high priest after the death of Menelaus (2 Macc 14:3). He received confirmation in his office from the new King Demetrius (2 Macc 7:9), and brought malicious charges against Judas and his brothers and the people (2 Macc 7:6). He wrought more evils on the Israelites than the Gentiles had done (2 Macc 8:23).

3 [19] Beth-zaith: about three miles north of Beth-zur and twelve miles south of Jerusalem.

4 [27] Nicanor . . . deceitfully sent to Judas: a more favorable picture of Nicanor, as an honest man who became a personal friend of Judas, is given in 2 Macc 14:17-25. Their friendship was broken by the intrigues of Alcimus (2 Macc 14:26-30).

5 [31] Caphar-salama: a village seven miles north-northwest of Jerusalem, on the road leading to Beth-horon.

6 Defiled them: spitting on the priests caused them to become legally defiled.

7 [40] Adasa: a village southeast of Caphar-salama.

8 [49] The thirteenth of Adar: March 27, 160 B.C. This day in the Jewish calendar was called the ＂Day of Nicanor＂ (2 Macc 15:36), but it was not long celebrated by the Jews.

9 [50] A short time: about one month following the death of Nicanor. After that began the attack of Bacchides resulting in the death of Judas (1 Macc 9:1-18).

1 Maccabees
Chapter 8

1 1 2 Judas had heard of the reputation of the Romans. They were valiant fighters and acted amiably to all who took their side. They established a friendly alliance with all who applied to them.

犹大听到罗马人的名声，听说他们势力强大，凡倾向他们的，都加以优待，无论谁来接近他们，就与他们友善；罗马人因之势力渐渐强大。

2 3 He was also told of their battles and the brave deeds that they had performed against the Gauls, conquering them and forcing them to pay tribute.

有人对他谈及罗马人在高庐作战和所有英勇的事，怎样征服高庐人，使他们进贡；

3 They had gotten possession of the silver and gold mines in Spain,

又在西班牙地方所行的一切，怎样占领那里的银矿金矿；

4 and by planning and persistence had conquered the whole country, although it was very remote from their own. They had crushed the kings who had come against them from the far corners of the earth and had inflicted on them severe defeat, and the rest paid tribute to them every year.

怎样用计谋和毅力，占领那离他们很远的全地；又怎样打败由地极来攻打他们的国王。怎样使他们遭受重创，又怎样使其余的国王，年年来进贡；

5 4 Philip and Perseus, king of the Macedonians, and the others who opposed them in battle had been overwhelmed and subjugated.

又怎样战败斐理伯和基廷人的国王培尔叟，怎样征服那些起来反抗他们的人。

6 5 Antiochus the Great, king of Asia, who had fought against them with a hundred and twenty elephants and with cavalry and chariots and a very great army, had been defeated by them.

亚细亚王大安提约古，虽然带有一百二十只象、马队、战车、以及庞大的军队，来同他们交战，也被他们打败，

7 They had taken him alive and obliged him and the kings who succeeded him to pay a heavy tribute, to give hostages and a section of

甚至还被活捉了去，给他和将来继位的加了重税，还要交出人质，割让土地：

8 6 Lycia, Mysia, and Lydia from among their best provinces. The Romans took these from him and gave them to King Eumenes.

就是将印度、玛待、里狄雅及数处最好的地方割让给欧默乃王。

9 7 When the men of Greece had planned to come and destroy them,

又给犹大谈及希腊人怎样企图歼灭他们，

10 the Romans discovered it, and sent against the Greeks a single general who made war on them. Many were wounded and fell, and the Romans took their wives and children captive. They plundered them, took possession of their land, tore down their strongholds and reduced them to slavery even to this day.

罗马人一知道这事，就派一员大将去攻打；双方交锋，希腊人死亡甚众，罗马人就俘掳了他们的妻子儿女，抢掠了他们的财物，占领了他们的土地，毁坏了他们的堡垒，使他们成为奴隶，直至今日。

11 All the other kingdoms and islands that had ever opposed them they destroyed and enslaved;

其余各国和海岛，凡是反抗过他们的，都被消灭，成为他们的奴隶。

12 with their friends, however, and those who relied on them, they maintained friendship. They had conquered kings both far and near, and all who heard of their fame were afraid of them.

不过他们对于自己的盟国和附庸国，却保持友谊；他们征服了远近各国。凡听见他们名声的，没有不畏惧的。

13 In truth, those whom they desired to help to a kingdom became kings, and those whom they wished to depose they deposed; and they were greatly exalted.

他们愿意辅佐谁为王，谁就可以为王；愿意废弃谁，谁就被废弃。他们的势力实在强盛。

14 Yet with all this, none of them put on a crown or wore purple as a display of grandeur.

虽然如此，但是他们中，没又一个戴冠冕，穿紫袍，因而自高自大的。

15 They had made for themselves a senate house, and every day three hundred and twenty men took counsel, deliberating on all that concerned the people and their well-being.

他们设立了一个议院，天天有三百二十人，常在为人民议事，为人民谋福利。

16 8 They entrusted their government to one man every year, to rule over their entire country, and they all obeyed that one, and there was no envy or jealousy among them.

每年委托一人，作自己的首领管辖全国，众人都服从他，他们中没有嫉妒，也没有竞争。

17 So Judas chose Eupolemus, son of John, son of Accos, and Jason, son of Eleazar, and sent them to Rome to establish an alliance of friendship with them.

犹大就选了阿科斯的孙子，若望的儿子欧颇肋摩和厄肋阿匝尔的儿子雅松，派遣他们到罗马去，与罗马人缔结盟约，

18 He did this to get rid of the yoke, for it was obvious that the kingdom of the Greeks was subjecting Israel to slavery.

希望罗马人看出希腊国要使以色列作奴隶，因而协助他们摆脱希腊国的压迫。

19 After making a very long journey to Rome, the envoys entered the senate and spoke as follows:

于是他们起程，行了很遥远的路，才到达罗马。走进议院，就进言说：

20 ＂Judas, called Maccabeus, and his brothers, with the Jewish people, have sent us to you to make a peaceful alliance with you, and to enroll ourselves among your allies and friends.＂

＂犹大玛加伯同他的兄弟和犹太民众，打发我们到你们这里来，为同你们建立同盟，缔结和约，将我们列于你们的联盟和友邦之中。＂

21 The proposal pleased the Romans,

这种请求，大受议员的欢迎。

22 9 and this is a copy of the reply they inscribed on bronze tablets and sent to Jerusalem, to remain there with the Jews as a record of peace and alliance:

他们便将约文刻在铜版上，送到耶路撒冷，叫犹太人保存，作为和平联盟的记念。其文如下：

23 ＂May it be well with the Romans and the Jewish nation at sea and on land forever; may sword and enemy be far from them.

＂愿罗马人及犹太民族，在海陆上永远幸福，愿他们永无刀兵与敌对之事！

24 But if war is first made on Rome, or any of its allies in any of their dominions,

若罗马或其领土上的同盟国先遇到战事，

25 the Jewish nation will help them wholeheartedly, as the occasion shall demand;

犹太国应在可能环境内，尽心帮助同盟国作战；

26 and to those who wage war they shall not give nor provide grain, arms, money, or ships; this is Rome's decision. They shall fulfill their obligations without receiving any recompense.

应按罗马人所决定的，不得给予或供应敌人食粮、武器、银钱和船只，且应尽自己的责任，毫无所求。

27 In the same way, if war is made first on the Jewish nation, the Romans will help them willingly, as the occasion shall demand,

同样，若犹太国先遇到战争，罗马人也应该在可能环境内，尽心帮助同盟国作战。

28 and to those who are attacking them there shall not be given grain, arms, money, or ships; this is Rome's decision. They shall fulfill their obligations without deception.

应按罗马人所决定的，不得给予或供应敌军食粮、武器、银钱和船只，且应尽自己的责任，不可诡诈。

29 On these terms the Romans have made an agreement with the Jewish people.

根据这些话，罗马人同犹太民族签定了盟约。

30 But if both parties hereafter decide to add or take away anything, they shall do as they choose, and whatever they shall add or take away shall be valid.

假使日后，双方愿意有何增删，经双方同意后，所有增删皆为有效。

31 ＂Moreover, concerning the wrongs that King Demetrius has done to them, we have written to him thus: 'Why have you made your yoke heavy upon our friends and allies the Jews?

关于德默特琉王对以色列人所行的恶事，我们已经向他写信说：你为什么压迫我们的友邦和同盟犹太人呢？

32 If they complain about you again, we will do them justice and make war on you by land and sea.'＂

若他们再控告你，我们必要为他们主持公道，而与你海陆交战。＂



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Footnotes（注解）

1 [1] This chapter contains the account of the embassy which Judas sent to Rome, probably before the death of Nicanor, to conclude a treaty of alliance between Rome and the Jewish nation. Without precise chronology, the pertinent data are gathered into a unified theme.

2 [1] The image of the Roman Republic greatly impressed the smaller Eastern peoples seeking support against their overlords (1 Macc 8:1-16), because of Roman success in war (1 Macc 8:2-11) and effective aid to their allies (1 Macc 8:12-13). Numerous interventions by Rome in the politics of the Near East bear witness to its power and prestige in the second century B.C. Cf 1 Macc 1:10; 7:2; 12:3; 15:15-24; 2 Macc 11:34. With the Roman control of Palestine in 63 B.C., the Republic and later the Empire became heartily detested. The eulogy of Rome in this chapter is one of the reasons why 1 Maccabees was not preserved by the Palestinian Jews of the century that followed.

3 [2] Gauls: probably the Celts of northern Italy and southern France, subdued by the Romans in 222 B.C., and again in 200-191 B.C.; but perhaps also those in Asia Minor (the Galatians), whom the Romans defeated in 189 B.C.

4 [5] Phillip: Phillip V of Macedonia, defeated by a Graeco-Roman alliance at Cynoscephalae in 197 B.C. Perseus, his son, was defeated at Pydna in 168 B.C., and died a prisoner. With this, the kingdom of Macedonia came to an end.

5 [6] Antiochus: Antiochus III, greatest of the Seleucid kings. He was defeated at Magnesia in 190 B.C. By the Treaty of Apamea in 189, he was obliged to pay Rome a crushing indemnity of 15, 000 talents. It was the weakening of Antiochene power and the growing military and economic influence of Rome that led Antiochus IV to adopt the policy of political, religious and cultural unification of Syria and Palestine.

6 [8] Lycia, Mysia: regions in western Asia Minor. These names are restored here by conjectural emendation; the Greek text has ＂India, Media,＂ most likely through scribal error. Eumenes: Eumenes II (197-158), king of Pergamum, an ally of Rome who benefited greatly from Antiochus' losses.

7 [9-10] The revolt of the Achaean League, inserted here, occurred in 146 B.C., after Judas' time. It was crushed by the Roman consul Lucius Mummius and marked the end of Greek independence. The author regards all Greeks as the enemies of God.

8 [16] They entrusted their government to one man: actually the Roman Republic always had two consuls as joint heads of the government. Presumably, a single one dealt with embassies and answered letters, hence the impression the Jews received; cf 1 Macc 8:15, 16.

9 [22] The reply . . . on bronze tablets and sent to Jerusalem: The decree of the Senate would be inscribed on bronze and kept in the Roman Capitol, with only a copy in letter form sent to Jerusalem. The translation of the decree into Hebrew and then into Greek, as found here in 1 Macc, may have occasioned this error.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 9

1 When Demetrius heard that Nicanor and his army had fallen in battle, he again sent Bacchides and Alcimus into the land of Judah, along with the right wing of his army.

德默特琉听说，尼加诺尔已经阵亡，军队已覆没，便再派遣巴基德和阿耳基慕率领右翼军，到犹大地去。

2 1 They took the road to Galilee, and camping opposite the ascent at Arbela, they captured it and killed many people.

他们沿着通往加里肋亚的大道前行，包围了阿尔贝拉的买撒罗特，攻陷那地方，杀死很多人。

3 2 In the first month of the year one hundred and fifty-two, they encamped against Jerusalem.

一百五十二年正月，面对耶路撒冷安营。

4 Then they set out for Berea with twenty thousand men and two thousand cavalry.

但以后又拔营，领着步兵两万，骑兵两千，前往贝尔则特。

5 Judas, with three thousand picked men, had camped at Elasa.

同时犹大带着精兵三千在厄拉撒驻扎。

6 When his men saw the great number of the troops, they were very much afraid, and many slipped away from the camp, until only eight hundred men remained.

犹太人见敌军人数众多，都很害怕，于是有许多人离营潜逃，剩下的仅八百人。

7 As Judas saw that his army was melting away just when the battle was imminent, he was panic-stricken, because he had no time to gather them together.

犹大见自己的军队潜逃，战事又迫于眉睫，心中焦急，已来不及集合兵马；

8 But in spite of his discouragement, he said to those who remained: ＂Let us go forward to meet our enemies; perhaps we can put up a good fight against them.＂

遂失意地对剩下的人说：＂起来，去攻打敌人，也许能与他们对抗！＂

9 They tried to dissuade him, saying: ＂We certainly cannot. Let us save our lives now, and come back with our kinsmen, and then fight against them. Now we are too few.＂

他们劝阻他说：＂我们不能去！现在只可逃命！不如回去联合我们的弟兄再与他们决战，因为我们人数太少！＂

10 But Judas said: ＂Far be it from me to do such a thing as to flee from them! If our time has come, let us die bravely for our kinsmen and not leave a stain upon our glory!＂

犹大说：＂逃走？我决不逃。若时机到来，我们要为我们的兄弟勇敢牺牲，决不可失掉我们的光荣。＂

11 Then the army of Bacchides moved out of camp and took its position for combat. The cavalry were divided into two squadrons, and the slingers and the archers came on ahead of the army, and all the valiant men were in the front line.

敌军从营里冲出，犹太人便去迎战。这时敌骑分成两翼，投石手与弓手行在军队前面，前锋都是勇士，巴基德坐镇右翼。

12 Bacchides was on the right wing. Flanked by the two squadrons, the phalanx attacked as they blew their trumpets. Those who were on Judas' side also blew their trumpets.

敌军两翼进攻时，吹起号角，犹大方面的人也吹起号角。

13 The earth shook with the noise of the armies, and the battle raged from morning until evening.

于是两军喊声震地，从早到晚，在混乱中。

14 Seeing that Bacchides was on the right, with the main force of his army, Judas, with all the most stouthearted rallying to him,

犹大见巴基德和军队主力都在右翼，就集合所有勇敢的人专攻右翼；

15 3 drove back the right wing and pursued them as far as the mountain slopes.

右翼便被他们击溃，他们将敌人追到阿左托山。

16 But when the men on the left wing saw that the right wing was driven back, they turned and followed Judas and his men, taking them in the rear.

敌军左翼见右翼败退，便转身从背后追击犹大及其军队。

17 The battle was fought desperately, and many on both sides fell wounded.

战事十分激烈，双方死伤甚重。

18 Then Judas fell, and the rest fled.

犹大也阵亡了，其余的人也都逃散。

19 Jonathan and Simon took their brother Judas and buried him in the tomb of their fathers at Modein.

约纳堂便和息孟，将他们的兄弟犹大抬回，埋葬在摩丁城的祖茔里。

20 All Israel bewailed him in great grief. They mourned for him many days, and they said,

全以色列都痛哭他，非常悲哀，一连多日哀悼他说：

21 ＂How the mighty one has fallen, the savior of Israel!＂

＂拯救以色列的英雄，怎会阵亡？＂

22 The other acts of Judas, his battles, the brave deeds he performed, and his greatness have not been recorded; but they were very many.

犹大其余的言行，所立的战功，英勇的事迹，和他的伟大，都没有记载出来，因为实在大多了。

23 After the death of Judas, the transgressors of the law raised their heads in every part of Israel, and all kinds of evildoers appeared.

犹大死后，以色列各地的歹徒，都蜂拥而起，作恶的人也乘机而兴，

24 In those days there was a very great famine, and the country deserted to them.

因为那时正逢大荒年，当地的人多起而附和。

25 Bacchides chose impious men and made them masters of the country.

巴基德便选出一些歹徒，派定他们主管那地方；

26 These sought out and hunted down the friends of Judas and brought them to Bacchides, who punished and derided them.

他们便搜查犹大的朋友，逮捕后，解到巴基德前，让他报仇，虐待他们。

27 There had not been such great distress in Israel since the time prophets ceased to appear among the people.

以色列从此遭受大难，这大难是自他们没有先知那天起，从未遭遇过的。

28 Then all the friends of Judas came together and said to Jonathan:

于是犹大的众朋友聚集起来，向约纳堂说：

29 ＂Since your brother Judas died, there has been no one like him to oppose our enemies, Bacchides and those who are hostile to our nation.

＂自从你的兄弟犹大死后，没有一个象他的人出来，抵抗我们的仇敌和巴基德，以及仇视我们民族的人。

30 Now therefore we have chosen you today to be our ruler and leader in his place, and to fight our battle.＂

所以我们今天推选你来代替他，作我们的领袖，领导我们作战。＂

31 From that moment Jonathan accepted the leadership, and took the place of Judas his brother.

约纳堂那时便接受了领袖的职位，起来代替他哥哥犹大。

32 When Bacchides learned of it, he sought to kill him.

巴基德一听说这事，便企图杀害他。

33 4 But Jonathan and his brother Simon and all the men with him discovered this, and they fled to the desert of Tekoa and camped by the waters of the pool of Asphar.

约纳堂和他哥哥息孟以及他的众同志，知道这个消息后，便逃到特科亚旷野，驻扎在阿斯法尔水池旁。

34 5 【巴基德在安息日知道了这事，便率领他的全军，来到约但的彼岸。】

35 6 Jonathan sent his brother as leader of the convoy to ask permission of his friends, the Nabateans, to deposit with them their great quantity of baggage.

约纳堂打发作军长的哥哥若望，去求他的朋友纳巴泰人，管理他们大批的装备。

36 7 But the sons of Jambri from Medaba made a raid and seized and carried off John and everything he had.

不料,杨布黎人从默德巴出来，捉住若望，且抢去他的一切所有，带着走了。

37 After this, word was brought to Jonathan and his brother Simon: ＂The sons of Jambri are celebrating a great wedding, and with a large escort they are bringing the bride, the daughter of one of the great princes of Canaan, from Nadabath.＂

事后，有人报告约纳堂及他的兄弟息孟说：“杨布黎人现在正要举行隆重的婚礼，场面伟大，由纳达巴特迎娶新娘，她是客纳罕一个族长的女儿。”

38 Remembering the blood of John their brother, they went up and hid themselves under cover of the mountain.

那时他们便想起他们兄弟若望的血债，遂上去藏在山中隐密处。

39 They watched, and suddenly saw a noisy crowd with baggage; the bridegroom and his friends and kinsmen had come out to meet the bride's party with tambourines and musicians and much equipment.

举目一望，看见一群喧嚷的人和大批的妆大，新郎和他的众朋友及兄弟，都出来迎接，其中有的敲鼓，有的奏乐，很多人还拿着武器。

40 The Jews rose up against them from their ambush and killed them. Many fell wounded, and after the survivors fled toward the mountain, all their spoils were taken.

犹太人便从埋伏的地方起来。向他们冲去击杀，他们伤亡的很多，其余的都逃到山里去了，犹太人便抢得了他们所有的一切。

41 Thus the wedding was turned into mourning, and the sound of music into lamentation.

如此，婚事变成了丧事，乐声变成了哀声。

42 Having taken their revenge for the blood of their brother, the Jews returned to the marshes of the Jordan.

他们为自己的兄弟报了血仇以后，就回到约旦河的沼泽地方。

43 When Bacchides heard of it, he came on the sabbath to the banks of the Jordan with a large force.

巴基德一听说这事，就在安息日率领大军来到约但河畔。

44 Then Jonathan said to his companions, ＂Let us get up now and fight for our lives, for today is not like yesterday and the day before.

那时约纳堂向部下说：“现在应当起来，应为保全生命而战。今天决不象昨天或前天一样。

45 8 The battle is before us, and behind us are the waters of the Jordan on one side, marsh and thickets on the other, and there is no way of escape.

战争就在我们前后进行，这边有约但河水，那边有沼泽和丛林，决没有退却的地方。

46 Cry out now to Heaven for deliverance from our enemies.＂

所以现在应向上天呼吁：援救你们脱离仇敌的手。”

47 When they joined battle, Jonathan raised his arm to strike Bacchides, but Bacchides backed away from him.

双方于是交战，约纳堂伸手要杀巴基德，巴基德却脱身逃了。

48 Jonathan and his men jumped into the Jordan and swam across to the other side, but the enemy did not pursue them across the Jordan.

约纳堂便同他的部下，跳进约但河，游到对岸。敌人并未过约但河追击。

49 A thousand men on Bacchides' side fell that day.

那一天，巴基德方面死亡的约一千人。

50 9 On returning to Jerusalem, Bacchides built strongholds in Judea: the Jericho fortress, as well as Emmaus, Beth-horon, Bethel, Timnath, Pharathon, and Tephon, with high walls and gates and bars.

巴基德回到耶路撒冷，在犹太各城修筑防御工事，又修建高墙，安上大门和闩，巩固了耶里哥、厄玛乌、贝特曷龙、贝特耳、提默纳达、法辣通、特丰等地所有的堡垒；

51 In each he put a garrison to oppose Israel.

在那里驻扎了守卫队，与以色列为敌；

52 He fortified the city of Beth-zur, Gazara and the citadel, and put soldiers in them and stores of provisions.

且巩固了贝特族尔城，革则尔和耶路撒冷的堡垒，派军队驻扎在那里，并贮存了食粮，

53 He took as hostages the sons of the leaders of the country and put them in custody in the citadel at Jerusalem.

又把当地首领的孩子，带去作质，囚禁在耶路撒冷的堡垒里。

54 10 In the year one hundred and fifty-three, in the second month, Alcimus ordered the wall of the inner court of the sanctuary to be torn down, thus destroying the work of the prophets. But he only began to tear it down.

一百五十三年二月，阿耳基慕下令拆毁圣所内院的墙，就是拆毁先知们修建的工程，但他只能开始拆墙，

55 Just at that time he had a stroke, and his work was interrupted; his mouth was closed and he was paralyzed, so that he could no longer utter a word to give orders concerning his house.

因为那时候，阿尔基慕忽然得了病，他的工作因此被迫停止；他的口闭着，身子瘫痪，不能说话，也不能料理家事。

56 Finally he died in great agony.

阿耳基慕就这样十分凄惨地死了。

57 Seeing that Alcimus was dead, Bacchides returned to the king, and the land of Judah was quiet for two years. Bacchides and Jonathan

巴基德见阿耳基慕已死，就回到国王那里，犹大地方于是两年得享平安。

58 Then all the transgressors of the law held a council and said: ＂Jonathan and his companions are living in peace and security. Now then, let us have Bacchides return, and he will capture all of them in a single night.＂

那时犹太人中的一般歹徒又商议说：“看约纳堂和他的部下，已安心生活，一无所惧，所以现在我们要引巴基德来，一夜之间，把他们一网打尽。”

59 So they went and took counsel with him.

于是他们去向他建议。

60 When Bacchides was setting out with a large force, he sent letters secretly to all his allies in Judea, telling them to seize Jonathan and his companions. They were not able to do this, however, because their plot became known.

巴基德起身，带领大军前来，同时暗中给他在犹太的一切同僚去信，叫他们逮捕约纳堂和他的部下；但是他们没有办到，因为计划已被泄漏。

61 In fact, Jonathan's men seized about fifty of the men of the country who were ringleaders in the mischief and put them to death.

约纳堂的部下，反而从当地人中，逮捕了这事的罪魁五十名，尽行杀死。

62 11 Then Jonathan and Simon and their companions withdrew to Bethbasi in the desert; they rebuilt and strengthened its fortification, s that had been demolished.

约纳堂和息孟及他的部下，随后退入旷野，到了贝特巴息，将那里已毁坏的地方，重加修建及巩固。

63 When Bacchides learned of this, he gathered together his whole force and sent word to those who were in Judea.

巴基德知道了这事，就集合他的大军，又通知犹大地的党羽；

64 He came and pitched his camp before Bethbasi, and constructing siege-machines, he fought against it for many days.

便来面对贝特巴息安营，制造军械，攻打了多日。

65 Leaving his brother Simon in the city, Jonathan, accompanied by a small group of men, went out into the field.

约纳堂留下哥哥息孟在城里把守，自己带着一批人去了乡下，

66 He struck down Odomera and his kinsmen and the sons of Phasiron in their encampment; these men had set out to go up to the siege with their forces.

袭击住在帐幕中的敖多默辣，和他的兄弟们，以及法息龙的后裔。这些人也随他作战，部队也随着扩大。

67 Simon and his men then sallied forth from the city and set fire to the machines.

那时，息孟也率领部下，突出城外，焚毁了敌方的军械。

68 They fought against Bacchides, and he was beaten. This caused him great distress. Because the enterprise he had planned came to nought,

于是双方夹攻，巴基德大败，囚此十分懊丧，因为他的计谋与战略都落了空，

69 he was angry with the lawless men who had advised him to invade the province. He killed many of them and resolved to return to his own country.

便对那些给他献计，劝他来此地的歹徒泄怒，将他们中许多人杀死，然后决意回国。

70 Jonathan learned of this and sent ambassadors to make peace with him and to obtain the release of the prisoners.

约纳堂一知道了，就打发使者到他那里，与他和谈，要求交还俘虏。

71 He agreed to do as Jonathan had asked. He swore an oath to him that he would never try to injure him for the rest of his life;

巴基德接受了，也按他所说的话行了，还向他发誓，有生之日，不再谋害他，

72 and he released the prisoners he had previously taken from the land of Judah. He returned to his own country and never came into their territory again.

遂把以前在犹大地掳去的俘虏，交还给约纳堂，然后回本国去了；此后再不打算来犯犹太国境。

73 12 Then the sword ceased in Israel. Jonathan settled in Michmash; he began to judge the people and he destroyed the impious in Israel.

以色列地干戈于是止息。约纳堂住在米革玛斯，开始治理百姓，且将歹徒由以色列中除尽。



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Footnotes（注解）

1 [2] They took the road . . . Arbela, they captured it: This passage is restored, in part, by conjectural emendation. The present Greek text could be translated, ＂They took the road to Gilgal, and camping opposite Mesaloth at Arbela, they captured it.＂ But Arbela (modern Khirbet Irbid) was in Galilee-on a high hill overlooking the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. Gilgal, on the contrary, was in the Jordan valley near Jericho. ＂Mesaloth＂ is probably a corrupt form of a Hebrew word meaning ＂steps, ascent.＂

2 [3] The first month of the year one hundred and fifty-two: April/May 160 B.C., by the temple calendar.

3 [15] As far as the mountain slopes: conjectural emendation. The Greek text has ＂as far as Mount Azotus＂; this is most unlikely. Apparently the Greek translator mistook the Hebrew word ashd't, ＂slopes,＂ for a shd'd, ＂Azotus.＂

4 [33] Tekoa: home of the prophet Amos in the wild country above the Dead Sea, southeast of Jerusalem.

5 [34] Omitted, it is a dittography of 1 Macc 9:43.

6 [35] Jonathan sent his brother: this was John who was called Gaddi (1 Macc 2:2; cf 1 Macc 9:36, 38).

7 [36] Medaba: northeast of the Dead Sea.

8 [45] Jonathan's force was apparently trapped in one of the many oxbows of the lower Jordan. Bacchides had crossed and caught them still on the east bank.

9 [50] These sites constitute a ring on the edges of the province of Judea.

10 [54] In the year . . . second month: May, 159 B.C.

11 [62] Bethbasi: two miles east of Bethlehem and six miles north of Tekoa.

12 [73] Began to judge: exercise the governing authority as in the book of Judges. With Jerusalem and the garrison towns (1 Macc 9:50) firmly in Seleucid hands, Jonathan's freedom of action was greatly restricted. Michmash, southeast of Bethel, famous for the exploit of the former Jonathan, son of Saul; cf 1 Sam 14.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 10

1 1 In the year one hundred and sixty, Alexander, who was called Epiphanes, son of Antiochus, came up and took Ptolemais. He was accepted and began to reign there.

一百六十年，安提约古的儿子亚历山大厄丕法乃上去，占领了仆托肋买，人民欢迎他在那里为王。

2 When King Demetrius heard of it, he mustered a very large army and marched out to engage him in combat.

德默特琉王听说这事，就集合大军，去与他交战。

3 Demetrius sent a letter to Jonathan written in peaceful terms, to pay him honor;

同时德默特琉致书约纳堂，言辞温和，且提高他的权位，

4 for he said: ＂Let us be the first to make peace with him, before he makes peace with Alexander against us,

因为德默特琉说：＂我们要赶快与他缔约和好，免得他先与亚历山大联合，反抗我们，

5 since he will remember all the wrongs we have done to him, his brothers, and his nation.＂

又恐怕他还记念我们对他的兄弟及他的百姓所行的恶事。＂

6 So Demetrius authorized him to gather an army and procure arms as his ally; and he ordered that the hostages in the citadel be released to him.

于是，便将调集军队及准备军械的权柄交给约纳堂，将他看作自己的同盟，又下令将堡垒里的人质，交还给他。

7 Accordingly Jonathan went up to Jerusalem and read the letter to all the people. The men in the citadel

约纳堂来到耶路撒冷，当着百姓及住在堡垒里的人面前，宣读了这封书信。

8 were struck with fear when they heard that the king had given him authority to gather an army.

堡垒里的人一听王给了他调集军队的权柄，都很害怕。

9 They released the hostages to Jonathan, and he gave them back to their parents.

他们便将人质交还给约纳堂，约纳堂再转交给各人的父母。

10 Thereafter Jonathan dwelt in Jerusalem, and began to build and restore the city.

以后约纳堂住在耶路撒冷开始重修京城，使之恢复旧观。

11 He ordered the workmen to build the walls and encircle Mount Zion with square stones for its fortification, which they did.

他命令工人，用方石修筑垣墙和熙雍山的四周，以作防御；他们就这样作了。

12 The foreigners in the strongholds that Bacchides had built, took flight;

住在巴基德所修建的堡垒里的外方人，都已逃走，

13 each one of them left his place and returned to his own country.

各人都离开岗位，回到本国，

14 Only in Beth-zur did some remain of those who had abandoned the law and the commandments, for they used it as a place of refuge.

只在贝特族尔，还留下几个背弃法律，不守诫命的人，因为那里是避难藏身的地方。

15 King Alexander heard of the promises that Demetrius had made to Jonathan; he was also told of the battles and valiant deeds of Jonathan and his brothers and the troubles that they had endured.

那时，亚历山大王听到德默特琉允许给约纳堂的事，同时还有人将约纳堂及他弟兄们的作战，英勇事迹和遭遇的打击等，给他述说了，

16 He said, ＂Shall we ever find another man like him? Let us now make him our friend and ally.＂

就说：＂难道我们还能找到这样的一个人吗？我们要使他成为我们的朋友，作我们的同盟！＂

17 So he sent Jonathan a letter written in these terms:

遂写信给约纳堂，信上说：

18 ＂King Alexander sends greetings to his brother Jonathan.

＂亚历山大王祝约纳堂兄安好！

19 We have heard of you, that you are a mighty warrior and worthy to be our friend.

听说你是英勇有力之士，适合作我们的朋友。

20 We have therefore appointed you today to be high priest of your nation; you are to be called the King's Friend, and you are to look after our interests and preserve amity with us.＂ He also sent him a purple robe and a crown of gold.

现今我委任你作你百姓的大司祭，并称你是君王的朋友，——同时给他送来紫袍和金冠——愿你关心我们的事，与我们保持友谊！＂

21 2 Jonathan put on the sacred vestments in the seventh month of the year one hundred and sixty at the feast of Booths, and he gathered an army and procured many arms.

一百六十年七月帐棚节日，约纳堂乃穿上圣服，调集军队，并准备了大批武器。

22 When Demetrius heard of these things, he was distressed and said:

德默特琉一听说了这事，便忧闷地说：

23 ＂Why have we allowed Alexander to get ahead of us by gaining the friendship of the Jews and thus strengthening himself?

＂我们怎么竟让亚历山大在我们之先与犹太人结为友好，作为后盾？

24 I too will write them conciliatory words and offer dignities and gifts, so that they may be an aid to me.＂

我也要用委婉的言辞，许以地位和礼品，给他们写信，诱导他们也作我的助手。＂

25 So he sent them this message: ＂King Demetrius sends greetings to the Jewish nation.

于是给犹太人写了以下的信说：＂默德特琉王祝犹太民族安好！

26 We have heard how you have kept the treaty with us and continued in our friendship and not gone over to our enemies, and we are glad.

由于你们持守以前与我们订立的条约，保持了我们之间的友谊，没有与我们的仇敌联合，我们听了很是高兴。

27 Continue, therefore, to keep faith with us, and we will reward you with favors in return for what you do in our behalf.

现在，若你们继续忠于我们，你们为我们做的一切，我们必破格还报：

28 We will grant you many exemptions and will bestow gifts on you.

给你们种种豁免，赠与你们各种礼品。

29 ＂I now free you, as I also exempt all the Jews, from the tribute, the salt tax, and the crown levies.

现在豁免你们全犹太人的丁税、盐税和王冠金。

30 3 Instead of collecting the third of the grain and the half of the fruit of the trees that should be my share, I renounce the right from this day forward: Neither now nor in the future will I collect them from the land of Judah or from the three districts annexed from Samaria.

由犹大本地，及划归犹太的撒玛黎雅和加里肋亚的三个地区，我所得出产的三分之一和树上果实的一半，今日都一概豁兔，由今日起直到永远。

31 Let Jerusalem and her territory, her tithes and her tolls, be sacred and free from tax.

耶路撒冷应是圣的，所以这城及其四郊，免交什一之物和赋税。

32 I also yield my authority over the citadel in Jerusalem, and I transfer it to the high priest, that he may put in it such men as he shall choose to guard it.

对于耶路撒冷堡垒的权利，我也放弃，让与大司祭，他可任意委任自己拣选的人，驻在那里护守。

33 Every one of the Jews who has been carried into captivity from the land of Judah into any part of my kingdom I set at liberty without ransom; and let all their taxes, even those on their cattle, be canceled.

凡从犹大地掳至我国的犹太人，我都恢复他们的自由，毫无代价，而且还豁免他们的赋税和牲畜税。

34 Let all feast days, sabbaths, new moon festivals, appointed days, and the three days that precede each feast day, and the three days that follow, be days of immunity and exemption for every Jew in my kingdom.

凡一切的节日、安息日、朔日、指定的庆日，以及各庆节前后三日，为住在我国内的一切犹太人，都成为享有特权与免役的日子：

35 Let no man have authority to exact payment from them or to molest any of them in any matter.

为一切事件，谁也无权干涉及骚扰他们中任何一人。

36 ＂Let thirty thousand Jews be enrolled in the king's army and allowances be given them, as is due to all the king's soldiers.

可招募三万犹太人加入王家军队，所给军饷，与一切王家军队同。

37 Let some of them be stationed in the king's principal strongholds, and of these let some be given positions of trust in the affairs of the kingdom. Let their superiors and their rulers be taken from among them, and let them follow their own laws, as the king has commanded in the land of Judah.

从这些人中，抽调一部分，分驻在国王的主要堡垒里；再由这些人中，选拔一部分，出任国家信托的职位；还可将自己的人派作他们的官员和将领，按照自己的法律行事，正如王从前在犹大地命令过的一样。

38 ＂Let the three districts that have been added to Judea from the province of Samaria be incorporated with Judea so that they may be under one man and obey no other authority than the high priest.

由撒玛黎雅境内，划归犹太的三区，应与犹太合并为一，全受一人的统治，除大司祭外，不应听从别人。

39 Ptolemais and its confines I give as a present to the sanctuary in Jerusalem for the necessary expenses of the sanctuary.

我将仆托肋买及其所属，赠予耶路撤冷的圣所，其收入作为圣所需要的经费。

40 I make a yearly personal grant of fifteen thousand silver shekels out of the royal revenues, from appropriate places.

我每年由丰富之地纳入王库的银钱，拨出一万五千＂协刻耳＂。凡前几年，官员们所没有缴纳的银钱，从现在起，他们都得交还，以作圣殿的经费。

41 All the additional funds that the officials did not hand over as they had done in the first years, shall henceforth be handed over for the services of the temple.

凡前几年，官员们所没有缴纳的银钱，从现在起，他们都得交还，以作圣殿的经费。

42 Moreover, the dues of five thousand silver shekels that used to be taken from the revenue of the sanctuary every year shall be canceled, since these funds belong to the priests who perform the services.

此外，每年由圣所的收入内，征收＂五千银钱协刻耳＂也一概豁免，因为这笔钱，应归那些尽圣职的司祭所有。

43 Whoever takes refuge in the temple of Jerusalem or in any of its precincts, because of money he owes the king, or because of any other debt, shall be released, together with all the goods he possesses in my kingdom.

凡到耶路撒冷圣殿，或殿院内逃避国债与私债的，都一律赦兔；至于他在我国内的一切仍归他所有。

44 The cost of rebuilding and restoring the structures of the sanctuary shall be covered out of the royal revenue.

为建筑及修理圣所的工程，花费也由王库支付。

45 Likewise the cost of building the walls of Jerusalem and fortifying it all around, and of building walls in Judea, shall be donated from the royal revenue.＂

凡为修筑耶路撒冷的城墙，及其四周的堡垒，以及犹太各地的城墙，所用的经费，都由王库支付。＂

46 When Jonathan and the people heard these words, they neither believed nor accepted them, for they remembered the great evil that Demetrius had done in Israel, and how sorely he had afflicted them.

约纳堂与百姓听了这些话，既不相信，也不接受，因为都还记得：他加给以色列的一切灾难，及怎样虐待了他们。

47 They therefore decided in favor of Alexander, for he had been the first to address them peaceably, and they remained his allies for the rest of his life.

何况亚历山大首先与他们和谈，于是他们拥护他，与他永结同盟。

48 King Alexander gathered together a large army and encamped opposite Demetrius.

那时，亚历山大王集合大军，出发攻打德默特琉。

49 The two kings joined battle, and when the army of Demetrius fled, Alexander pursued him, and overpowered his soldiers.

两王互相交锋，亚历山大的军队败退，德默特琉追赶，大获胜利。

50 He pressed the battle hard until sunset, and Demetrius fell that day.

但亚历山大仍继续苦战，直到日落，德默特琉竟在这天阵亡。

51 Alexander sent ambassadors to Ptolemy, king of Egypt, with this message:

亚历山大于是派遣使者，到埃及王仆托肋米前，这样说：

52 ＂Now that I have returned to my realm, taken my seat on the throne of my fathers, and established my rule by crushing Demetrius and gaining control of my country—

＂自从我回到祖国，便坐上了我祖先的宝座，因为我战胜德默特琉，得掌握主权，且占据我们的土地。——

53 for I engaged him in battle, defeated him and his army, and recovered the royal throne—

原来我与他宣战，打败他和他的军队，就坐上他的王位；——

54 let us now establish friendship with each other. Give me your daughter for my wife; and as your son-in-law, I will give to you and to her gifts worthy of you.＂

现在，让我们彼此结好，请将你女儿嫁给我为妻，我做你的女婿，且将相称于你的礼物，送给你和她。＂

55 King Ptolemy answered in these words: ＂Happy the day on which you returned to the land of your fathers and took your seat on their royal throne!

仆托肋米王回答说：＂你回归祖国，登上你祖先王位的那一天，真是个好日子！

56 I will do for you what you have written; but meet me in Ptolemais, so that we may see each other, and I will become your father-in-law as you have proposed.＂

如今我要按你所写的实行，可是请你亲到仆托肋买，我们彼此会面，我要按你说的，使你作我的女婿。＂

57 4 So Ptolemy with his daughter Cleopatra set out from Egypt and came to Ptolemais in the year one hundred and sixty-two.

一百六十二年，仆托肋米和他的女儿克娄帕达，离开埃及，来到仆托肋买。

58 There King Alexander met him, and Ptolemy gave him his daughter Cleopatra in marriage. Their wedding was celebrated at Ptolemais with great splendor according to the custom of kings.

亚历山大王来欢迎他，他就把女儿克娄帕达给亚历山大为妻，并在仆托肋买，按王礼隆重的举行了婚礼。

59 King Alexander also wrote to Jonathan to come and meet him.

那时，亚历山大王也给约纳堂写信，请他来与自己会面。

60 So he went with pomp to Ptolemais, where he met the two kings and gave them and their friends silver and gold and many gifts and thus won their favor.

约纳堂便堂堂正正地来到了仆托肋买，与二王会面，也给他们和他们的朋友，送来金银并许多礼品，深得他们的欢心。

61 Some pestilent Israelites, transgressors of the law, united against him to accuse him, but the king paid no heed to them.

那时以色列有些歹徒，即违背法律的人，聚集起来控告他，无如国王置之不理，

62 He ordered Jonathan to be divested of his ordinary garments and to be clothed in royal purple; and so it was done.

王反命人脱去约纳堂的衣服，给他穿上紫袍。人就照样作了。

63 The king also had him seated at his side. He said to his magistrates: ＂Go with him to the center of the city and make a proclamation that no one is to bring charges against him on any grounds or be troublesome to him in any way.＂

王又叫他坐在自己身边，向官员说：＂你们陪着他往城里去，宣布说：无论因为什么事，不得控告他；在一切事上，不得干扰他。＂

64 When his accusers saw the honor paid to him in the proclamation, and the purple with which he was clothed, they all fled.

那时，控告他的人，一见他身披紫袍，享受的光荣如所宣布的一样，就都逃走了。

65 The king also honored him by numbering him among his Chief Friends and made him military commander and governor of the province.

国王为光荣他，又将他列入一等朋友中，并且封他为统帅，为总督。

66 So Jonathan returned in peace and happiness to Jerusalem.

约纳堂然后平安回到耶路撤冷，非常喜欢。

67 5 In the year one hundred and sixty-five, Demetrius, son of Demetrius, came from Crete to the land of his fathers.

一百六十五年，德默特琉的儿子德默特琉，由克里特回到祖国。

68 When King Alexander heard of it he was greatly troubled, and returned to Antioch.

亚历山大王听说这消息，很是忧愁，就回到安提约基雅去。

69 Demetrius appointed Apollonius governor of Coelesyria. Having gathered a large army, Appollonius pitched his camp at Jamnia. From there he sent this message to Jonathan the high priest:

德默特琉立阿颇罗尼为切肋叙利亚的总督。阿颇罗尼遂集合大军，在雅木尼雅扎营，且派人去见大司祭约纳堂说：

70 ＂You are the only one who resists us. I am laughed at and put to shame on your account. Why are you displaying power against us in the mountains?

＂只有你起来攻击我们，因为你的缘故，我为人耻笑，受人非难，你为什么在山上向我们示威呢？

71 If you have confidence in your forces, come down now to us in the plain, and let us test each other's strength there; the city forces are on my side.

所以现在，如果你仗恃兵力，就请下到平原，到我们这里，彼此较量一下，因为我有许多城池可倚恃。

72 Inquire and learn who I am and who the others are who are helping me. Men say that you cannot make a stand against us because your fathers were twice put to flight in their own land.

你要查询一下我是谁，其他作我们后盾的又是谁。人都说，你们决不能抵抗我们，因为你的祖先，曾在自己的土地上，逃跑过两次。

73 Now you too will be unable to withstand our cavalry and such a force as this in the plain, where there is not a stone or a pebble or a place to flee.＂

现在这平原里没有石头，也没有盘石，更没有逃避的地方，你决不能抵抗骑兵，和这么多的军队。＂

74 When Jonathan heard the message of Apollonius, he was roused. Choosing ten thousand men, he set out from Jerusalem, and Simon his brother joined him to help him.

约纳堂一听阿颇罗尼的这些话，勃然大怒，挑选了一万人，从耶路撒冷出发，他哥哥息孟也与他会合，给他助战。

75 He pitched camp near Joppa, but the men in the city shut him out because Apollonius had a garrison there. When the Jews besieged it,

他便在约培对面扎了营。城里的人关了城门，因为约培城内有阿颇罗尼的军队。犹太人于是攻城，

76 6 the men of the city became afraid and opened the gates, and so Jonathan took possession of Joppa.

城中人心里害怕，就开了门，约纳堂遂占领了约培。

77 When Apollonius heard of it, he drew up three thousand horsemen and an innumerable infantry. He marched on Azotus as though he were going on through the country, but at the same time he advanced into the plain, because he had such a large number of horsemen to rely on.

阿颇罗尼听说这事，遂即动员三千骑兵，一队庞大的步兵，假作过路的样式，向阿左托进发，却突然开往平原，因为那里有他所依仗的一大队骑兵。

78 Jonathan followed him to Azotus, and they engaged in battle.

那时约纳堂尾随阿颇罗尼，也赶到阿左托，双方军队于是交锋，

79 Apollonius, however, had left a thousand cavalry in hiding behind them.

阿颇罗尼曾留下一千骑兵，在他们背后埋伏。

80 When Jonathan discovered that there was an ambush behind him, his army was surrounded. From morning until evening they showered his men with arrows.

约纳堂也知道自己背后有埋伏； 军队遂被包围，从早到晚受敌箭射击，

81 But his men held their ground, as Jonathan had commanded, whereas the enemy's horses became tired out.

但军人遵从约纳堂的命令，坚持不动，敌人的战马终于疲乏。

82 When the horsemen were exhausted, Simon attacked the phalanx, overwhelmed it and put it to flight.

息孟于是引军队出击，加入阵线，敌军终因骑兵都已疲惫，大败逃走。

83 The horsemen too were scattered over the plain. The enemy fled to Azotus and entered Beth-dagon, the temple of their idol, to save themselves.

骑兵在平原里四散奔逃，逃到阿左托进入他们的达贡庙逃命。

84 But Jonathan burned and plundered Azotus with its neighboring towns, and destroyed by fire both the temple of Dagon and the men who had taken refuge in it.

但是，约纳堂焚毁了阿左托及其四周村镇，得了其中的战利品，又将达贡庙和逃到里面的人，都放火烧了。

85 Those who fell by the sword, together with those who were burned alive, came to about eight thousand men.

这次死在刀下和烧死的约有八千人。

86 Then Jonathan left there and pitched his camp at Ashkalon, and the people of that city came out to meet him with great pomp.

约纳堂离开那里，又在阿市刻隆扎营，城里的人都出来热烈地欢迎他。

87 He and his men then returned to Jerusalem, laden with much booty.

约纳堂然后率领部下，带着许多战利品回了耶路撒冷。

88 When King Alexander heard of these events, he accorded new honors to Jonathan.

亚历山大王一听说这事，就更加光荣约纳堂，

89 7 He sent him a gold buckle, such as is usually given to King's Kinsmen; he also gave him Ekron and all its territory as a possession.

就将按习惯应赐给君王贵戚的金扣，送给他；并将厄刻龙及其属地，赐给他作为产业。



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Footnotes（注解）

1 [1] The year one hundred and sixty: 152 B.C. Alexander . . . Antiochus: Alexander Balas claimed to be a son of Antiochus IV. He had the backing of the Romans, who had never forgiven Demetrius for becoming king without their permission. The latter meanwhile had become unpopular with his own people as well as with the Jews.

2 [21] Jonathan . . . feast of Booths: Jonathan began to discharge the office of high priest October 23-30, 152 B.C. For seven years after the death of Alcimus there had been no high priest in Jerusalem. It was taken for granted that the king, though a Gentile, had the power to appoint one. The Maccabees, though a priestly family, were not of the line of Zadok, and some in Israel regarded Jonathan's tenure as a usurpation.

3 [30] The three districts annexed from Samaria: mentioned by name in 1 Maccc 11;34. The present Greek text, by a scribal error, has added ＂and Galilee＂ after ＂Samaria.＂

4 [57] Cleopatra: Cleopatra Thea, then about fifteen years old. She later married Demetrius II, and later still, his brother Antiochus VII. The year one hundred and sixty-two: 151/150 B.C.

5 [67] The year one hundred and sixty-five: 147 B.C. Demetrius: Demetrius II Nicator.

6 [76] Joppa: about forty miles northwest of Jerusalem. For the first time the Maccabees took possession of a seaport; nominally it was on behalf of King Alexander.

7 [89] Kinsmen: a class higher than Chief Friends.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 11

1 The king of Egypt gathered his forces, as numerous as the sands of the seashore, and many ships; and he sought by deceit to take Alexander's kingdom and add it to his own.

埃及王聚集了多如海沙的大军，和许多船只，图谋用诡计夺取亚历山大的国土，归属自己的版图；

2 He entered Syria with peaceful words, and the people in the cities opened their gates to welcome him, as King Alexander had ordered them to do, since Ptolemy was his father-in-law.

他便一路扬言和平，往叙利亚进发，各城的居民都给他开门，迎接他，因为亚历山大曾下令，要人欢迎他，因为他是自己的岳父。

3 But when Ptolemy entered the cities, he stationed garrison troops in each one.

但是，每当仆托肋米进入一城，就在那城内派上自己的军队防守；

4 When he reached Azotus, he was shown the temple of Dagon destroyed by fire, Azotus and its suburbs demolished, corpses lying about, and the charred bodies of those burned by Jonathan in the war and stacked up along his route.

及至来近阿左托时，人便将焚毁了的达贡庙、阿左托和其周围的废墟，以及横躺竖卧的尸体，和战时被焚烧的遗骸，堆积在他要经过的路旁，指给他看；

5 To prejudice the king against Jonathan, he was told what the latter had done; but the king said nothing.

并将约纳堂行的事，陈述给王，意思是要王惩罚他，王却默然不语。

6 Jonathan met the king with pomp at Joppa, and they greeted each other and spent the night there.

那时，约纳堂又堂堂正正地来到了约培，与王会面；彼此请安，还一起在那里过宿。

7 1 Jonathan accompanied the king as far as the river called Eleutherus and then returned to Jerusalem.

约纳堂陪伴君王，来到称为厄娄特洛的河那里，才返回耶路撒冷。

8 2 Plotting evil against Alexander, King Ptolemy took possession of the cities along the seacoast as far as Seleucia-by-the-Sea.

仆托肋米王既占领了沿海各城，到临海的色娄基雅，就对亚历山大起了恶意，

9 He sent ambassadors to King Demetrius, saying: ＂Come, let us make a pact with each other; I will give you my daughter whom Alexander has married, and you shall reign over your father's kingdom.

于是派遣使者见德默特琉王说；＂请你来，我们彼此结为同盟，我要将嫁与亚历山大的女儿给你为妻，你在你的祖国将要为王。

10 3 I regret that I gave him my daughter, for he has sought to kill me.＂

我后悔把我的女儿嫁给了他，因为他竟然谋害我。＂

11 His real reason for accusing Alexander, however, was that he coveted Alexander's kingdom.

他诬枉亚历山大，是因为他垂涎他的国土。

12 After taking his daughter away and giving her to Demetrius, Ptolemy broke with Alexander; their enmity became open.

于是将自己的女儿抢去，嫁给德默特琉，而与亚历山大绝交；他们之间的仇恨就此公开了。

13 Then Ptolemy entered Antioch and assumed the crown of Asia; he thus wore two crowns on his head, that of Egypt and that of Asia.

仆托肋米进了安提约基雅，就戴上了亚细亚的王冠：

14 King Alexander was in Cilicia at that time, because the people of that region had revolted.

这样在他的头上戴着埃及和亚细亚的两顶王冠。那时，亚历山大王正在基里基雅，因为那地方的人民发生了变乱。

15 When Alexander heard the news, he came to challenge Ptolemy in battle. Ptolemy marched out and met him with a strong force and put him to flight.

但亚历山大一听说这事就来与他交战；仆托肋米王也率领大军来猛攻亚历山大，将他击败。

16 Alexander fled to Arabia to seek protection. King Ptolemy's triumph was complete

1亚历山大便逃到阿刺伯，在那里避难，仆托肋米王于是胜利了。

17 when the Arab Zabdiel cut off Alexander's head and sent it to Ptolemy.

阿刺伯人匝贝狄耳便砍了亚历山大的头，送给了仆托肋米。

18 But three days later King Ptolemy himself died, and his men in the fortified cities were killed by the inhabitants of the strongholds.

三天后，仆托肋米王也死了，他留在堡垒里的埃及人，也被堡垒里的本地人杀死。

19 4 Thus Demetrius became king in the year one hundred and sixty-seven.

德默特琉遂登上王位，时在一百六十七年。

20 At that time Jonathan gathered together the men of Judea to attack the citadel in Jerusalem, and they set up many machines against it.

那时，约纳堂召集犹太人，攻打耶路撒冷的堡垒；为攻打堡垒，制造了许多军械。

21 Some transgressors of the law, enemies of their own nation, went to the king and informed him that Jonathan was besieging the citadel.

有些怀恨自己百姓的歹徒，竟来到王前，将约纳堂围攻堡垒的事，向他报告了。

22 When Demetrius heard this, he was furious, and set out immediately for Ptolemais. He wrote to Jonathan to discontinue the siege and to meet him for a conference at Ptolemais as soon as possible.

王听了大怒，就立刻动身，到了仆托肋买，给约纳堂写信，要他停止围攻，且叫他赶快来仆托肋买，与他会面商谈。

23 On hearing this, Jonathan ordered the siege to continue. He selected some elders and priests of Israel and exposed himself to danger

约纳堂听说后，仍下令继续围攻，选了以色列中的几位长老和司祭，与他同去冒险，

24 by going to the king at Ptolemais. He brought with him silver, gold apparel, and many other presents, and found favor with the king.

且带着金银、衣服和许多别的礼品，前往仆托肋买，来会见君王，甚得君王的欢心。

25 Although some impious men of his own nation brought charges against him,

这时百姓中有几个歹徒，仍来控告他；

26 the king treated him just as his predecessors had done and showed him great honor in the presence of all his Friends.

但是王对待他，仍如前王对待他一样，在自己的众位朋友前赞扬他；

27 He confirmed him in the high priesthood and in all the honors he had previously held, and had him enrolled among his Chief Friends.

并且保证他仍作大司祭，仍享有从前所有的各种特殊荣誉，还将他列入王的一等朋友之中。

28 Jonathan asked the king to exempt Judea and the three districts of Samaria from tribute, promising him in return three hundred talents.

约纳堂便要求王豁免犹太及属撒玛黎稚三区的赋税，而许给三百＂塔冷通。＂

29 The king agreed and wrote the following letter to Jonathan about all these matters: Pact with Demetrius

王应允了，并且关于这一切事，还给约纳堂写了以下的信说：

30 5 ＂King Demetrius sends greetings to his brother Jonathan and to the Jewish nation.

＂德默特琉王祝约纳堂兄和犹太民族安好！

31 6 We are sending you, for your information, a copy of the letter that we wrote to Lasthenes our kinsman concerning you.

关于你们的事，我们已给我们的亲贵拉斯特乃去了信，如今我们将原文录下：送给你们，使你们知道它的内容：

32 ＂'King Demetrius sends greetings to his father Lasthenes.

德默特琉王祝亚父拉斯特乃安好！

33 Because of the good will they show us, we have decided to bestow benefits on the Jewish nation, who are our friends and who observe their obligations to us.

我们决意要善待犹太民族，因为他们是我们的朋友，对我们保持了, 正义，且怀有善意。

34 7 Therefore we confirm their possession, not only of the territory of Judea, but also of the three districts of Aphairema, Lydda, and Ramathaim. These districts, together with all their dependencies, were transferred from Samaria to Judea in favor of all those who offer sacrifices for us in Jerusalem instead of paying the royal taxes that formerly the king received from them each year from the produce of the soil and the fruit of the trees.

因此，我们也将犹太地，及由撒玛黎雅划归犹太的阿斐赖玛、里达和辣玛塔因三区，以及一切属镇，归于他们。凡到耶路撒冷献祭的人，他们从前每年应向王缴纳地产和树上的果实等税，现在我一律豁免。

35 From this day on we grant them release from payment of all other things that would henceforth be due to us, that is, of tithes and tribute and of the tax on the salt pans and the crown tax.

其他凡归于我们的什一之物、经常税、盐井税，以及应归于我们的王冠金等，从今日起一概豁免。

36 Henceforth none of these provisions shall ever be revoked.

凡此种种，由今日起，直到无限期，一概不得废除。’

37 Be sure, therefore, to have a copy of these instructions made and given to Jonathan, that it may be displayed in a conspicuous place on the holy hill.'＂

所以，现在请你们费心，再将这张公文腾抄一分，送给约纳堂，叫他放在圣山的显明处。＂

38 When King Demetrius saw that the land was peaceful under his rule and that he had no opposition, he dismissed his entire army, every man to his home, except the foreign troops which he had hired from the islands of the nations. So all the soldiers who had served under his predecessors hated him.

此后，德默特琉王见自己治理得国泰民安，无人造反，便将所有的军队遣散，各回本乡，只有由异民海岛招募来的外方军队例外，因而他父亲的旧部队都恼恨他。

39 When a certain Trypho, who had previously belonged to Alexander's party, saw that all the troops were grumbling at Demetrius, he went to Imalkue the Arab, who was bringing up Alexander's young son Antiochus.

那时，原先曾作亚历山大同党的特黎丰，见众军队抱怨德默特琉，遂去见教养亚历山大幼子安提约古的阿刺伯人依玛谷。

40 Trypho kept urging Imalkue to hand over the boy to him, that he might make him king in his father's place. During his stay there of many days, he told him of all that Demetrius had done and of the hatred that his soldiers had for him.

他催逼他将按孩子交给自己，使他继承他父亲的王位；也将德默特琉的一切作为，以及众军队愤恨他的事，都给依玛谷述说了。以后他在那里也住了多日。

41 Meanwhile Jonathan sent the request to King Demetrius to withdraw his troops from the citadel of Jerusalem and from the other strongholds, for they were constantly hostile to Israel.

那时，约纳堂遣人到德默特琉王前，要求他将耶路撒冷堡垒里及各营寨里的人撤回，因为他们常攻击以色列人。

42 Demetrius, in turn, sent this word to Jonathan: ＂I will not only do this for you and your nation, but I will greatly honor you and your nation when I find the opportunity.

德默特琉遂差遣人到约纳堂那里去说：＂我不但对你和你的民族要作这些事，几时我有好机会，我还要极力光荣你和你的民族。

43 Do me the favor, therefore, of sending men to fight for me, because all my troops have revolted.＂

现在更好请你派遣一些人来帮助我出征，因为我的一切军队都已离去。＂

44 So Jonathan sent three thousand good fighting men to him at Antioch. When they came to the king, he was delighted over their arrival,

约纳堂便给他往安提约基雅调去三千勇兵；他们来到王前，王因他们的来临感到喜乐。

45 for the populace, one hundred and twenty thousand strong, had massed in the center of the city in an attempt to kill him.

那时约有十二万市民，在城中心集合，想要杀害国王，

46 But he took refuge in the palace, while the populace gained control of the main streets and began to fight.

国王便躲到官殿里去。市民一占据城中要道，即开始进攻。

47 So the king called the Jews to his aid. They all rallied around him and spread out through the city. On that day they killed about a hundred thousand men in the city,

国王遂求犹太人帮忙，他们便一起聚集到他跟前，然后分散到城里，在那一天杀了约十万人，

48 which, at the same time, they set on fire and plundered on a large scale. Thus they saved the king's life.

也把城烧了，同时获得了许多战利品，且营救了国王。

49 When the populace saw that the Jews held the city at their mercy, they lost courage and cried out to the king in supplication,

城里的人见犹太人占据了城池，任意行事，都胆战心惊，遂呼求国王说：

50 ＂Give us your terms and let the Jews stop attacking us and our city.＂ So they threw down their arms and made peace.

请向我们伸出右手，叫犹太人停止攻击我们和城池！＂。

51 The Jews thus gained glory in the eyes of the king and all his subjects, and they became renowned throughout his kingdom. Finally they returned to Jerusalem with much spoil.

他们遂放下武器讲和。这样犹太人在国王及其国民前受到光荣，然后带着许多战利品，回了耶路撒冷。

52 But when King Demetrius was sure of his royal throne, and the land was peaceful under his rule,

德默特琉王于是又坐上王位，国家在他统治下又安定了。

53 he broke all his promises and became estranged from Jonathan. Instead of rewarding Jonathan for all the favors he had received from him, he caused him much trouble.

但是他竟背弃了他所应许的一切，对约纳堂也疏远了，不但没有按照约纳堂对他所施的恩惠还报，反而处处为难。

54 After this, Trypho returned and brought with him the young boy Antiochus, who became king and wore the royal crown.

此后，特黎丰便领着幼儿安提约古回来；安提约古于是称王，戴上王冠。

55 All the soldiers whom Demetrius had discharged rallied around Antiochus and fought against Demetrius, who was routed and fled.

此时德默特琉所遣散的军队，都聚集起来，攻击德默特琉，德默特琉只得转身逃走。

56 Trypho captured the elephants and occupied Antioch.

特黎丰因而获得了象队，占据了安提约基雅。

57 Then young Antiochus wrote to Jonathan: ＂I confirm you in the high priesthood and appoint you ruler over the four districts and wish you to be one of the King's Friends.＂

那时，小安提约古给约纳堂写信说：＂我立你为大司祭，派你管辖四区，将你列入国王朋友中。＂

58 He also sent him gold dishes and a dinner service, gave him the right to drink from gold cups, to dress in royal purple, and to wear a gold buckle.

他给他送上金器和一套餐具，准他以金杯饮酒，穿紫袍，带金扣；

59 8 Likewise, he made Jonathan's brother Simon governor of the region from the Ladder of Tyre to the frontier of Egypt.

又任命他哥哥息孟为总督由提洛梯山直到埃及边境，都由他管辖。

60 9 Jonathan set out and traveled through West-of-Euphrates and its cities, and all the forces of Syria espoused his cause as allies. When he arrived at Ashkalon, the citizens welcomed him with pomp.

那时，约纳堂出巡大河以西的各城各地，叙利亚的军队都聚集到他跟前，助他作战；他来到阿市刻隆时，城里的居民都热烈地欢迎他。

61 But when he set out for Gaza, the people of Gaza locked their gates against him. So he besieged it and burned and plundered its suburbs.

他又由此往迦萨去，迦萨的居民却关闭城门；他就围攻那城，放火烧了郊区，洗劫一空。

62 Then the people of Gaza appealed to him for mercy, and he granted them peace. He took the sons of their chief men as hostages and sent them to Jerusalem. He then traveled on through the province as far as Damascus.

迦萨的居民遂求约纳堂，约纳堂就同他们讲和，只是将他们首领的孩子带去，送到耶路撒冷作质。他走遍全境，直到大马士革。

63 Jonathan heard that the generals of Demetrius had come with a strong force to Kadesh in Galilee, intending to remove him from office.

那时，约纳堂听说德默特琉的将领们，带着大军来到加里肋亚的卡德士，迫他放弃自己的职务；

64 So he went to meet them, leaving his brother Simon in the province.

他就将自己的哥哥息孟留在那里，自己迎敌去了。

65 Simon besieged Beth-zur, attacked it for many days, and blockaded the inhabitants.

息孟在贝特族尔对面扎营，攻打了多日，将那地封锁。

66 When they sued for peace, he granted it to them. He expelled them from the city, took possession of it, and put a garrison there.

贝特族尔人向他求和，息孟便同他们讲和，将他们从那里赶走，占据了那城，并在城里驻扎了军队。

67 10 Meanwhile, Jonathan and his army pitched their camp near the waters of Gennesaret, and at daybreak they went to the plain of Hazor.

同时约纳堂和他的军队，在革乃撒尔湖畔扎营，第二天清早，抵达哈柞尔平原。

68 There, in front of him on the plain, was the army of the foreigners. This army attacked him in the open, having first detached an ambush against him in the mountains.

有一支外方人的军队到平原与他交战，且在山上设下埋伏。当这支军队向犹太人冲来时，

69 Then the men in ambush rose out of their places and joined in the battle.

埋伏的人忽然从埋伏的地方出来，与他们交战。

70 All of Jonathan's men fled; no one stayed except the army commanders Mattathias, son of Absalom, and Judas, son of Chalphi.

约纳堂的部下都逃散了，除军长阿贝沙隆的儿子玛塔提雅，和哈耳非的儿子犹大外，没有剩下一个。

71 Jonathan tore his clothes, threw earth on his head, and prayed.

约纳堂便撕破衣服，头上撒土，且行祈祷。

72 Then he went back to the combat and so overwhelmed the enemy that they took to flight.

然后转过身来，向敌人进攻，使他们溃败而逃。

73 Those of his men who were running away saw it and returned to him; and with him they pursued the enemy as far as their camp in Kadesh, where they pitched their own camp.

他逃散的部下一见，就又回到他跟前，同他一起将敌人追赶到卡德士敌营，遂在那里安了营。

74 Three thousand of the foreign troops fell on that day. Then Jonathan returned to Jerusalem.

那天外方军队死亡的，约有三千人。约纳堂以后回了耶路撒冷。



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Footnotes（注解）

1 [7] Eleutherus: modern Nahr el-Kebir, the northern border of modern Lebanon; in the second century B.C. the northern limit of Coelesyria.

2 [8] Seleucia-by-the-Sea: at the mouth of the Orontes, the port city of Antioch.

3 [10] I regret . . . to kill me: according to Josephus, Ammonius, a friend of Alexander, had tried to assassinate Ptolemy, and the latter claimed that Alexander was the instigator, thus calumniating him to gain his kingdom (1 Macc 11:11).

4 [19] The year one hundred and sixty-seven: 146/145 B.C. The two deaths (1 Macc 11:17-18) occurred in the summer of 145 B.C.

5 [30] Brother: this title and father in 1 Macc 11:32 are honorific titles used of the Kinsmen.

6 [31] Lasthenes: leader of the mercenary troops who had come with Demetrius from Crete. He was now the young king's chief minister and was apparently responsible for the disastrous policy (1 Macc 11:38) of disbanding the national army.

7 [34] Aphairema: the Ophrah of Joshua 18:23; 1 Sam 23:6; the Ephron of 2 Chron 13:19; and the Ephraim of John 11:54 - modern et-Taiyibeh, five miles northeast of Bethel. Lydda: the Lod of the postexilic Jews (Ezra 2:33; Nehemiah 11:35) and the hometown of Aeneas, who was cured by Peter (Acts 9:32-34). It is ten miles southeast of Joppa. Ramathaim: the Ramathaim-zophim of 1 Sm 1,1, and the Arimathea of Matthew 27:57 modern Rentis, nine miles northeast of Lydda.

8 [59] Ladder of Tyre: modern Ras en-Naquurah, on the border between Lebanon and Israel, where the mountains reach the sea, so that the coastal road must ascend in a series of steps.

9 [60] West-of-Euphrates: refers here to the territory of Palestine and Coelesyria, but not Upper Syria; cf 1 Macc 11:3, 32; 7:8.

10 [67] Plain of Hazor: the site of the ancient Canaanite city (Joshua 11:10), ten miles north of the Lake of Gennesaret.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 12

1 When Jonathan saw that the times favored him, he sent selected men to Rome to confirm and renew his friendship with the Romans.

约纳堂见时局为自己有利，就挑选几个人，打发他们往罗马去，与罗马人重修旧好。

2 He also sent letters to Sparta and other places for the same purpose.

为了这事，也给斯巴达人及其他地方写了信。

3 After reaching Rome, the men entered the senate chamber and said, ＂The high priest Jonathan and the Jewish people have sent us to renew the earlier friendship and alliance between you and them.＂

使者到了罗马，进了元老院，说道：＂大司祭约纳堂和犹太人民，打发我们来，请你们与他们重修友好盟约，如同从前一样。＂

4 The Romans gave them letters addressed to the authorities in the various places, requesting them to provide the envoys with safe conduct to the land of Judah.

元老们就交给他们一封给各地官吏的公函，以便护送他们平安回到犹大地方。

5 This is a copy of the letter that Jonathan wrote to the Spartans:

约纳堂写给斯巴达人的信原文如下：

6 ＂Jonathan the high priest, the senate of the nation, the priests, and the rest of the Jewish people send greetings to their brothers the Spartans.

＂大司祭约纳堂、民间长老、司祭及犹太其余民众，祝斯巴达弟兄安好！

7 1 Long ago a letter was sent to the high priest Onias from Arius, who then reigned over you, stating that you are our brothers, as the attached copy shows.

从前管辖你们的君王阿勒乌，致书大司祭敖尼雅时，曾称你们是我们的弟兄，正如所附副本指出的一样。

8 Onias welcomed the envoy with honor and received the letter, which clearly referred to alliance and friendship.

敖尼雅曾优待了被打发来的使者，也接受了谈及联盟与友好的信件。

9 2 Though we have no need of these things, since we have for our encouragement the sacred books that are in our possession,

我们虽然不需要这些事，因为有我们手中的圣经作安慰；

10 we have ventured to send word to you for the renewal of brotherhood and friendship, so as not to become strangers to you altogether; a long time has passed since your mission to us.

但是，我们仍愿试验一下，遣发使者到你们那里去，为与你们重建弟兄和朋友之谊，不致与你们疏远，因为自从收到你们的来信后，到现在时间已经过了很久。

11 We, on our part, have never ceased to remember you in the sacrifices and prayers that we offer on our feasts and other appropriate days, as it is right and proper to remember brothers.

所以我们在节日。及其他法定日子，当献祭和祈祷时，时常不断记念你们；原来记念自己的弟兄，本是理所当然的。

12 We likewise rejoice in your renown.

我们也为了你们的荣耀而喜乐。

13 But many hardships and wars have beset us, and the kings around us have attacked us.

至于我们，当种种困难、连年战争、四面楚歌、邻国攻打我们的时候，

14 We did not wish to be troublesome to you and to the rest of our allies and friends in these wars;

在这些战争中，我们不愿意麻烦你们和我们其他的同盟及友邦，

15 with the help of Heaven for our support, we have been saved from our enemies, and they have been humbled.

因为我们有上天的助右，来协助我们，拯救我们脱离敌人的手，使敌人屈服。

16 So we have chosen Numenius, son of Antiochus, and Antipater, son of Jason, and we have sent them to the Romans to renew our former friendship and alliance with them.

所以我们才选派安提约古的儿子奴默尼和雅松的儿子安提帕特，打发他们到罗马人那里去，与他们重立昔日的友好同盟。

17 We have also ordered them to come to you and greet you, and to deliver to you our letter about the renewal of our brotherhood.

我们也吩咐他们，到你们那里去，向你们致敬，并且也把关于重建我们之间弟兄友谊的书信，呈给你们，

18 Therefore kindly send us an answer on this matter.＂

也请你们对这事给我们一个答复。＂

19 This is a copy of the letter that was sent to Onias:

这是从前寄给敖尼雅的信的副本：

20 ＂Arius, king of the Spartans, sends greetings to Onias the high priest.

＂斯巴达王阿勒乌，祝大司祭敖尼雅安好！

21 A document has been found stating that the Spartans and the Jews are brothers; both nations descended from Abraham.

在论及斯巴达人和犹太人一文献上发现：这两个民族彼此是弟兄，因为他们都是亚巴郎的后裔。

22 Now that we have learned this, kindly write to us about your welfare.

现在我们既然知道这事，就请你们更好将你们的升平情况，写给我们，

23 We, on our part, are informing you that your cattle and your possessions are ours, and ours are yours. We have, therefore, given orders that you should be told of this.＂

我们也写给你们：凡你们的牲畜和财产，都是我们的；凡我们的，也都是你们的；所以我们吩咐了使者，将这些事呈报给你们。＂

24 Jonathan heard that the generals of Demetrius had returned to attack him with a stronger army than before.

约纳堂听说：德默特琉的将领，带着比以前更多的军队回来，要与他作战，

25 3 He set out from Jerusalem and went into the country of Hamath to meet them, giving them no time to enter his province.

就离开耶路撒冷，往哈玛特地方去迎击敌人，因为他不肯让他们有侵入自己边境的时间。

26 The spies he had sent into their camp came back and reported that the enemy had made ready to attack the Jews that very night.

并且打发侦探到敌方军营里去，他们回来给他报告说：敌人决议要在夜间进袭。

27 Therefore, when the sun set, Jonathan ordered his men to be on guard and to remain armed, ready for combat, throughout the night. He also set outposts all around the camp.

太阳西落时，约纳堂吩咐部下戒备，整夜携带武器，准备作战，并在军营四周，派上哨兵。

28 When the enemy heard that Jonathan and his men were ready for battle, their hearts sank with fear and dread. They lighted fires and then withdrew.

敌人听说约纳堂和部下都准备决战，怕得胆战心惊，便在自己营中点起火，逃走了。

29 But because Jonathan and his men were watching the lights burning, they did not know what had happened until morning.

约纳堂和他的部下，先只看见火光，直到早晨才知道敌人已经逃走。

30 Then Jonathan pursued them, but he could not overtake them, for they had crossed the river Eleutherus.

约纳堂就去追赶他们，但没有追上，因为他们早已渡过厄娄特洛河。

31 So Jonathan turned aside against the Arabs who are called Zabadeans, overwhelming and plundering them.

约纳堂转而攻击称为匝巴泰的阿刺伯人，将他们打败，抢掠了他们的财物。

32 Then he marched on to Damascus and traversed that whole region.

之后，便又出发，来到大马士革，走遍全境。

33 Simon also set out and went as far as Ashkalon and its neighboring strongholds. He then turned to Joppa and occupied it,

同时，息孟也出征，直到阿市刻隆和临近的堡垒，然后转向约培，占据了那城。

34 for he heard that its men had intended to hand over this stronghold to the supporters of Demetrius. He left a garrison there to guard it.

因为听说，有人愿将此堡垒交给德默特琉的党羽，遂在那里派军队把守。

35 When Jonathan returned, he assembled the elders of the people, and with them he made plans for building strongholds in Judea,

约纳堂回来之后，召集民间长老，与他们议决，要在犹太修建一些堡垒，

36 for making the walls of Jerusalem still higher, and for erecting a high barrier between the citadel and the city, that would isolate the citadel and so prevent its garrison from commerce with the city.

加高耶路撒冷的围墙，在城垣与城之间，修筑一堵高墙，将城垣与城分开，使城垣孤立叫其中的人不能买卖。

37 The people therefore worked together on building up the city, for part of the east wall above the ravine had collapsed. The quarter called Chaphenatha was also repaired.

犹太人便聚集起来修城，因为溪旁的东墙，已经倒塌；也把称为加斐纳达的地区加以重修。

38 Simon likewise built up Adida in the Shephelah, and strengthened its fortifications by providing them with gates and bars.

那时息孟在舍裴拉也重修了哈狄得，加以设防，还安上门和闩。

39 Trypho was determined to become king of Asia, assume the crown, and do away with King Antiochus.

那时特黎丰企图作亚细亚王，自戴王冠，而向安提约古下手，

40 But he was afraid that Jonathan would not permit him, but would fight against him. Looking for a way to seize and kill him, he set out and reached Beth-shan.

却怕约纳堂不容许他如此作，反而来攻打他，便设计擒拿约纳堂，将他杀死遂起程来到贝特商。

41 Jonathan marched out against him with forty thousand picked fighting men and came to Beth-shan.

约纳堂带着四万作战精兵出发，也来到贝特商，与他交战。

42 But when Trypho saw that Jonathan had arrived with a large army he was afraid to offer him violence.

特黎丰见约纳堂带着大军前来，不敢向他下手；

43 Instead, he received him with honor, introduced him to all his friends, and gave him presents. He also ordered his friends and soldiers to obey him as they would himself.

便以礼接待他，将他推荐给自己的众朋友，送给他礼物还命自己的朋友和自己的军队，都要服从他，如同服从自己一样，

44 Then he said to Jonathan: ＂Why have you put all your soldiers to so much trouble when we are not at war?

然后对约纳堂说：＂我们之间既无战事，你为什么烦劳这么多的人呢？

45 Pick out a few men to stay with you, send the rest back home, and then come with me to Ptolemais. I will hand it over to you together with other strongholds and their garrisons, as well as the officials, then I will leave and go home. That is why I came here.＂

现在你打发他们各回本家罢！为你自己只选少数的人跟随你，同我一起往仆托肋买去，我要将这座城，及其他堡垒、军队和一切官吏，都交给你；然后我回去，因为我原是为这事而来的。

46 Jonathan believed him and did as he said. He dismissed his troops, and they returned to the land of Judah.

约纳堂相信了他，就按他的话作了遣散了军队，让他们回到犹大地，

47 But he kept with him three thousand men, of whom he sent two thousand to Galilee while one thousand accompanied him.

只为自己留下三千人，其中两千人留在加里肋亚，与他同行的只有一千人。

48 Then as soon as Jonathan had entered Ptolemais, the men of the city closed the gates and seized him; all who had entered with him, they killed with the sword.

约纳堂一进仆托肋买城，仆托肋买人便关了城门，将他捉住，用刀将与他同来的众人杀了。

49 4 Trypho sent soldiers and cavalry to Galilee and the Great Plain to destroy all Jonathan's men.

同时，特黎丰又派步兵和骑兵，前往加里肋亚和大平原，去消灭约纳堂的一切党羽。

50 These, upon learning that Jonathan had been captured and his companions killed, encouraged one another and went out in compact body ready to fight.

这些人虽已知道约纳堂和跟从他的人，都被逮捕杀害，但仍然彼此鼓励，整队而出，准备决一死战。

51 As their pursuers saw that they were ready to fight for their lives, they turned back.

追赶他们的敌人，一见犹太人决意要为保全性命而战，就折回去了。

52 Thus all these men of Jonathan came safely into the land of Judah. They mourned over Jonathan and his men, and were in great fear, and all Israel fell into deep mourning.

这些人因此才平安回到犹大地，他们都哀悼约纳堂和跟从他的人，同时也非常恐惧；全以色列也都表示哀痛。

53 All the nations round about sought to destroy them. They said, ＂Now that they have no leader to help them, let us make war on them and wipe out their memory from among men.＂

那时，他们四邻所有的异民，都想灭绝犹太人说：＂他们既没有领袖，又没有人帮助，现在我们应该去攻打他们，将他们的遗迹由人间除去。＂

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Footnotes（注解）

1 [7] Onias: Onias I, high priest from 323-300 or 290 B.C. Arius: Arius I, king from 309 to 265 B.C. The letter was sent long ago, i.e., a century and a half before.

2 [9] The sacred books . . . in our possession: a reference to ＂the law, the prophets and other books,＂ as mentioned in the Prologue to Sirach (1 Macc 12:1), after 132 B.C.

3 [25] Country of Hamath: the Seleucid territory of Upper Syria northeast of Coelesyria and separated from it by the Eleutherus River. The latter territory was under the command of Jonathan (1 Macc 11:59, 60).

4 [49] The Great Plain: of Beth-shan (1 Macc 12:41), where Jonathan's disbanded troops remained.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 13

1 When Simon heard that Trypho was gathering a large army to invade and ravage the land of Judah,

息孟听说特黎丰集合大军，要来扫荡犹大地，

2 and saw that the people were in dread and terror, he went up to Jerusalem. There he assembled the people

又见百姓战兢害怕，就上了耶路撒冷，召集民众，

3 and exhorted them in these words: ＂You know what I, my brothers, and my father's house have done for the laws and the sanctuary; what battles and disasters we have been through.

劝勉他们说：＂你们都知道，我与我的兄弟及我父全家，为法律，为圣所所作的事，所经的战争和艰难。

4 It was for the sake of these, for the sake of Israel, that all my brothers have perished, and I alone am left.

为了这个缘故，我所有的兄弟，都为以色列而殉难，只剩下我一人。

5 Far be it from me, then, to save my own life in any time of distress, for I am not better than my brothers.

现在在整个灾难期中，我决不顾借我的生命，虽然我并不比我的兄弟们强，

6 Rather will I avenge my nation and the sanctuary, as well as your wives and children, for all the nations out of hatred have united to destroy us.＂

但是，我要为我的民族，为圣所，并为你们的妻子儿女报仇，因为一切的异民，都因为仇恨我们，而聚集起来，要消灭我们。＂

7 As the people heard these words, their spirit was rekindled.

民众听了这些话，精神都振作起来，

8 They shouted in reply: ＂You are our leader in place of your brothers Judas and Jonathan.

大声回答说：＂你要代替你的兄弟犹大和约纳堂，作我们的领袖，

9 Fight our battles, and we will do everything that you tell us.＂

为我们作战。凡你吩咐的，我们都要照办。＂

10 So Simon mustered all the men able to fight, and quickly completing the walls of Jerusalem, fortified it on every side.

息孟于是召集众战士，又催促人们赶快完成耶路撒冷的城墙，并在四周设防。

11 He sent Jonathan, son of Absalom, to Joppa with a large force; Jonathan drove out the occupants and remained there.

他又打发阿贝沙隆的儿子约纳堂，带着足够的军队，到约培去，将城中的人赶走，然后驻扎在那里。

12 Then Trypho moved from Ptolemais with a large army to invade the land of Judah, bringing Jonathan with him as a prisoner.

特黎丰离开仆托肋买，带着大军，要侵入犹大地，且押着约纳堂与他同去。

13 But Simon pitched his camp at Adida, facing the plain.

那时，息孟在平原对面的哈狄得扎营。

14 When Trypho learned that Simon had succeeded his brother Jonathan, and that he intended to fight him, he sent envoys to him with this message:

特黎丰知道息孟起来，承继了他弟弟约纳堂的职位，准备与自己决战，就打发使者到他那里说：

15 ＂We have detained your brother Jonathan on account of the money that he owed the royal treasury in connection with the offices that he held.

＂我们逮捕了你弟弟约纳堂，是因为他在所尽职务上，欠了国王的银子。

16 Therefore, if you send us a hundred talents of silver, and two of his sons as hostages to guarantee that when he is set free he will not revolt against us, we will release him.＂

现在你若送来一百＂塔冷通＂银子，并将他的两个孩子送来作质，我们就释放他，免得他被释放后，再背叛我们。＂

17 Although Simon knew that they were speaking deceitfully to him, he gave orders to get the money and the boys, for fear of provoking much hostility among the people, who might say

息孟明知使者们对他说的，都是欺诈的话，但仍派人去取银钱，并将孩子带来，免得惹起民众的怨恨，

18 that Jonathan perished because Simon would not send Trypho the money and the boys.

说：＂约纳堂死了，是因为息孟没有将银钱和孩子送去。＂

19 So he sent the boys and the hundred talents; but Trypho broke his promise and would not let Jonathan go.

所以他便将孩子和一百＂塔冷通＂银子送去；可是，特黎丰这骗子，并没有释放约纳堂。

20 1 Next he began to invade and ravage the country. His troops went around by the road that leads to Adora, but Simon and his army moved along opposite him everywhere he went.

此后，特黎丰仍要进侵犹太疆域，加以扫荡，便在通往阿多辣去的路上，绕道而行；但是，不论往那里去，息孟和他的军队总是追踪而至。

21 The men in the citadel sent messengers to Trypho, urging him to come to them by way of the desert, and to send them provisions.

那时，堡垒里的人打发使者到特黎丰那里，催他赶快经过旷野，来到他们那里，并将食粮给他们送来。

22 Although Trypho got all his cavalry ready to go, there was a heavy fall of snow that night, and he could not go. So he left for Gilead.

特黎丰就准备了他的全部马队前往。但是那一夜，大雪纷飞，因此不能前进，遂起程前往基肋阿得去了。

23 2 When he was approaching Baskama, he had Jonathan killed and buried there.

当他临近巴斯加玛时，将约纳堂杀死，就埋葬在那里。

24 Then Trypho returned to his own country.

特黎丰就回国去了。

25 Simon sent for the remains of his brother Jonathan, and buried him in Modein, the city of his fathers.

息孟遣人去运回他兄弟的骨骸，将他埋葬在他祖先的摩丁城里。

26 All Israel bewailed him with solemn lamentation, mourning over him for many days.

全以色列都举哀痛吊他，哀哭多日。

27 Then Simon erected over the tomb of his father and his brothers a monument of stones, polished front and back, and raised high enough to be seen at a distance.

之后，息孟在他父亲与他兄弟们的坟墓上，用前后光泽的石头，修了一座相当高大的纪念碑，从远处可以望见。

28 He set up seven pyramids facing one another for his father and his mother and his four brothers.

他为父母和四个兄弟，还立了七座金字塔，彼此相对；

29 For the pyramids he devised a setting of big columns, on which he carved suits of armor as a perpetual memorial, and next to the armor he placed carved ships, which could be seen by all who sailed the sea.

且为塔作了一些装饰品，就是在四周，立了一些大石柱，石柱上刻了武器，作为永久的记念；又在武器旁雕刻了些船形，使航海的人都可以看到。

30 This tomb which he built at Modein is there to the present day.

息孟在摩丁修建的这座坟墓，至今犹存。

31 Trypho dealt treacherously with the young King Antiochus. He killed him

特黎丰用诡计对待幼王安提约古，终于将幼王杀害，

32 and assumed the kingship in his place, putting on the crown of Asia. Thus he brought much evil on the land.

篡了王位，戴上亚细亚的王冠，使当地遭受到大害。

33 Simon, on his part, built up the strongholds of Judea, strengthening their fortifications with high towers, thick walls, and gates with bars, and he stored up provisions in the fortresses.

息孟修建犹太各处的堡垒，全用高楼巨墙围起，安上门和闩，又在堡垒内储藏了粮食。

34 Simon also sent chosen men to King Demetrius with the request that he grant the land a release from taxation, for all that Trypho did was to plunder the land.

息孟然后选派几个人，去见德默特琉王，要求他豁免本地赋税，因为特黎丰的一切所为，无异劫掠。

35 In reply, King Demetrius sent him the following letter:

德默特琉王便按照他的要求，给他写了下面的信，答复他说：

36 ＂King Demetrius sends greetings to Simon the high priest, the friend of kings, and to the elders and the Jewish people.

＂德默特琉王祝列王的朋友——息孟大司祭，长老及犹太民族安好！

37 We have received the gold crown and the palm branch that you sent. We are willing to be on most peaceful terms with you and to write to our official to grant you release from tribute.

你们送的金冠和金棕榈枝我们已经收到。我们业已准备好，要同你们尽力和好，要以书面通知官吏，豁免你们的赋税。

38 Whatever we have guaranteed to you remains in force, and the strongholds that you have built shall remain yours.

凡从前给你们规定的，仍为有效；你们修建的堡垒，仍归你们所有。

39 We remit any oversights and defaults incurred up to now, as well as the crown tax that you owe. Any other tax that may have been collected in Jerusalem shall no longer be collected there.

截至今日止，你们无知的错误与罪过，我们都一律赦免，也豁兔你们所应缴纳的王冠金；假如在耶路撒冷还有其他的杂税，也一概不再征收。

40 If any of you are qualified for enrollment in our service, let them be enrolled. Let there be peace between us.＂

如果你们中间，有适于作我们侍卫的人，都可录用；希望我们之间，常有和平。＂

41 3 Thus in the year one hundred and seventy, the yoke of the Gentiles was removed from Israel,

一百七十年，异民的重轭由以色列人身上解除了。

42 and the people began to write in their records and contracts, ＂In the first year of Simon, high priest, governor, and leader of the Jews.＂

民众于是在文书及契约上，开始写：犹太人的大司祭、大元帅、领袖息孟元年。

43 4 In those days Simon besieged Gazara and surrounded it with troops. He made a siege machine, pushed it up against the city, and attacked and captured one of the towers.

那时，息孟安营攻打革则尔，派军队将城包围，也造了战楼，竖在城前，攻破了一座碉垒，而将城占领。

44 The men who had been on the siege machine jumped down into the city and caused a great tumult there.

战楼里的士兵，于是跃人城中，城中一时大乱。

45 The men of the city, joined by their wives and children, went up on the wall, with their garments rent, and cried out in loud voices, begging Simon to grant them peace.

城里的居民，撕破了衣服，带着妻子儿女上了城墙，大声呼喊，祈求息孟同他讲和说：

46 ＂Do not treat us according to our evil deeds,＂ they said, ＂but according to your mercy.＂

＂请不要照我们的恶行，对待我们，而照你的仁慈，对待我们罢！＂

47 So Simon came to terms with them and did not destroy them. He made them leave the city, however, and he purified the houses in which there were idols. Then he entered the city with hymns and songs of praise.

息孟与他们讲和，停止攻击，只把他们从城里赶走，将有偶像的房屋，都洗涤洁净；以后唱着赞美诗与祝谢词，进了城。

48 After removing from it everything that was impure, he settled there men who observed the law. He improved its fortifications and built himself a residence.

先清除城内一切不洁之物，然后使一些守法的人住在里面，并加强防御工事，也在里面为自己修了一座房屋。

49 The men in the citadel in Jerusalem were prevented from going out into the country and back for the purchase of food; they suffered greatly from hunger, and many of them died of starvation.

耶路撒冷堡垒里的人，因不能在那地区出入买卖，非常饥饿，甚至有很多人饿死了。

50 They finally cried out to Simon for peace, and he gave them peace. He expelled them from the citadel and cleansed it of impurities.

他们于是呼求息孟讲和，息孟就同他们讲和；将他们由堡垒赶出，扫除了秽物，清洁了堡垒。

51 5 On the twenty-third day of the second month, in the year one hundred and seventy-one, the Jews entered the citadel with shouts of jubilation, waving of palm branches, the music of harps and cymbals and lyres, and the singing of hymns and canticles, because a great enemy of Israel had been destroyed.

一百七十一年二月二十三日。犹太人兴高彩烈地，拿着棕榈枝，弹着琴瑟，敲着铙钹，拉着竖琴，唱着诗歌进入堡垒，因为大仇敌已从以色列肃清。

52 Simon decreed that this day should be celebrated every year with rejoicing. He also strengthened the fortifications of the temple hill alongside the citadel, and he and his companions dwelt there.

息孟规定每年要欢乐地庆祝这一天。他又加强靠近堡垒的圣殿山，便与部下住在那里。

53 6 Seeing that his son John was now a grown man, Simon made him commander of all his soldiers, with his residence in Gazara.

息孟自己的儿子若望以经成人，于是派他作全军统帅，叫他驻扎在革则尔。

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Footnotes（注解）

1 [20-21] The invaders made a wide flanking; movement to invade Judea from the south. Adora was a few miles southwest of Beth-zur. They would avoid Beth-zur itself and other strongholds of the Maccabees by following the way of the desert.

2 [23] Bashama: northeast of the Sea of Galilee.

3 [41] The year one hundred and seventy: March, 142, to April, 141 B.C., by the temple calendar.

4 [43] Gazara: a key position in the Shephelah, fortified by Bacchides in 160 B.C.; cf 9,52.

5 [51] The twenty-third day of the second month: June 3, 141 B.C.

6 [53] John: John Hyrcanus, who was to succeed his father as ruler and high priest; cf 1 Macc 16:23-24.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 14

1 1 In the year one hundred and seventy-two, King Demetrius assembled his army and marched into Media to obtain help so that he could fight Trypho.

一百七十二年，德默特琉王调集军队，开往玛待，以求获得兵源，好与特黎丰决战。

2 2 When Arsaces, king of Persia and Media, heard that Demetrius had invaded his territory, he sent one of his generals to take him alive.

波斯和玛待王阿尔撒革听说德默特琉已侵入他的边境，就派遣自己的一员大将去活捉他。

3 The general went forth and defeated the army of Demetrius; he captured him and brought him to Arsaces, who put him in prison.

这位大将前往，击败了德默特琉的军队，将他捉住，解到阿尔撒革王前，阿尔撒革将他囚在监里。

4 The land was at rest all the days of Simon, who sought the good of his nation. His people were delighted with his power and his magnificence throughout his reign.

息孟执政期间，犹大国泰民安，他只谋求自己民族的福利，因此对他的统治，人民心悦诚服。他的荣耀一生常存。

5 As his crowning glory he captured the port of Joppa and made it a gateway to the isles of the sea.

除此荣耀外，又占据了约培，建为海港，辟作通往海岛的口岸；

6 He enlarged the borders of his nation and gained control of the country.

他开拓了本国的疆域，全国都在他权下。

7 He took many enemies prisoners of war and made himself master of Gazara, Beth-zur, and the citadel. He cleansed the citadel of its impurities; there was no one to withstand him.

他安置了大批战俘，征服了革则尔、贝特族尔和耶路撒冷的堡垒；除去城中的不洁，没有人能敌抗他。

8 The people cultivated their land in peace; the land yielded its produce and the trees of the field their fruit.

人都平安耕种田地，土地按时出产，平原上的树木依时结果。

9 Old men sat in the squares, all talking about the good times, while the young men wore the glorious apparel of war.

老者闲坐街头，众人谈论公益，少年身穿盛服和军装。

10 He supplied the cities with food and equipped them with means of defense, till his glorious name reached the ends of the earth.

他为各城储存食粮，用防御工事巩固城池；因此，他的名声传遍了天涯地角。

11 He brought peace to the land, and Israel was filled with happiness.

他使本国得享平安，以色列人皆大欢喜。

12 Every man sat under his vine and his fig tree, with no one to disturb him.

每人安坐在自己的葡萄树及无花果树下，无人前来惊吓。

13 No one was left to attack them in their land; the kings in those days were crushed.

那时国内敌人已经绝迹，列王已被击退。

14 He strengthened all the lowly among his people and was zealous for the law; he suppressed all the lawless and the wicked.

凡国内低下小民，他都予以扶持；他寻求法律，而铲除一切恶徒败类；

15 He made the temple splendid and enriched its equipment.

他尽量使圣殿壮观，增添圣所里的器皿。

16 3 When people heard in Rome and even in Sparta that Jonathan had died, they were deeply grieved.

罗马人及斯巴达人听说约纳堂死了，都很哀伤。

17 But when the Romans heard that his brother Simon had been made high priest in his place and was master of the country and the cities,

他们一听说他哥哥息孟继任作大司祭，掌管国家及各城邑，

18 they sent him inscribed tablets of bronze to renew with him the friendship and alliance that they had established with his brothers Judas and Jonathan.

便用铜版给他写信，重新与他缔结友好盟约，就如从前与他的两个弟弟犹大和约纳堂所缔结的盟约一样。

19 These were read before the assembly in Jerusalem.

这信就在耶路撒冷会众面前宣读了。

20 This is a copy of the letter that the Spartans sent: ＂The rulers and the citizens of Sparta send greetings to Simon the high priest, the elders, the priests, and the rest of the Jewish people, our brothers.

斯巴达人送来的信，抄录如下：＂斯巴达人的首领及城邑，祝大司祭息孟，各位长老，司祭及其余犹太人民弟兄们安好！

21 The envoys you sent to our people have informed us of your glory and fame, and we were happy that they came.

你们派到我国来的使者，将你们的光荣与尊威，一一告诉了我们；我们对他们的光临，都很喜欢。

22 In accordance with what they said we have recorded the following in the public decrees: Since Numenius, son of Antiochus, and Antipater, son of Jason, envoys of the Jews, have come to us to renew their friendship with us,

他们所说的话，我们也都这样记在国会大事录上：‘犹太人的使者，安提约古的儿子奴默尼，与雅松的儿子安提帕特，来到我们这里，为与我们重订友好盟约，

23 the people have voted to receive the men with honor, and to deposit a copy of their words in the public archives, so that the people of Sparta may have a record of them. A copy of this decree has been made for Simon the high priest.＂

百姓对他们曾予以隆重热烈的欢迎，且将他们的话，记载在国会档案内，为给斯巴达人留作纪念。’我们另将这文件的副本，给大司祭息孟呈送一份。＂

24 After this, Simon sent Numenius to Rome with a great gold shield weighing a thousand minas, to confirm the alliance with the Romans.

此后，息孟又派遣奴默尼赴罗马，他带有大金盾一座，价值约一千＂米乃＂，以便与他们订立同盟。

25 When the people heard of these things, they said, ＂How can we thank Simon and his sons?

民众一听到这些事，就说＂我们要怎样感谢息孟和他的儿子们呢？

26 He and his brothers and his father's house have stood firm and repulsed Israel's enemies. They have thus preserved its liberty.＂ So they made an inscription on bronze tablets, which they affixed to pillars on Mount Zion.

因为他与他的兄弟们以及他父亲的全家，都表现了英勇的行为，打败了以色列的仇敌，给以色列奠定了自由。＂于是他们将这些史迹刻于铜版，嵌在熙雍山的石柱上。

27 4 The following is a copy of the inscription: ＂On the eighteenth day of Elul, in the year one hundred and seventy-two, that is, the third year under Simon the high priest in Asaramel,

其原文如下：＂一百七十二年，＂厄路尔＂月十八日，大司祭息孟三年，在阿撒辣默耳，

28 in a great assembly of priests, people, rulers of the nation, and elders of the country, the following proclamation was made:

有人在司祭、百姓、民众的首领及全国长老盛大集合时，通告我们说：

29 ＂'Since there have often been wars in our country, Simon, son of the priest Mattathias, descendant of Joarib, and his brothers have put themselves in danger and resisted the enemies of their nation, so that their sanctuary and law might be maintained, and they have thus brought great glory to their nation.

当国内在不断战争中，约阿黎布的后裔，玛塔提雅的儿子息孟，和他的兄弟们，为了支持并维护圣所和法律，冒着性命的危险，抵抗了民族的仇敌，使自己的民族获得了莫大的光荣。

30 After Jonathan had rallied his nation and become their high priest, he was gathered to his kinsmen.

在约纳堂统一自己的国家，作了他们的大司祭，归到他亲族那里之后，

31 When the enemies of the Jews sought to invade and devastate their country and to lay hands on their temple,

犹太人的敌人，便企图进占他们的国土，伸手侵犯圣所；

32 Simon rose up and fought for his nation, spending large sums of his own money to equip the men of his nation's armed forces and giving them their pay.

那时息孟起来，为自己的民族而战，花尽了自己的许多钱财，装备了自己人民中的勇士，发给他们粮饷。

33 He fortified the cities of Judea, especially the frontier city of Beth-zur, where he stationed a garrison of Jewish soldiers, and where previously the enemy's arms had been stored.

他曾在犹太各城邑，并在犹太边境上的贝特族尔设防；敌人从前曾在那里贮藏过武器，所以他便在那里派了犹太人把守。

34 He also fortified Joppa by the sea and Gazara on the border of Azotus, a place previously occupied by the enemy; these cities he resettled with Jews, and furnished them with all that was necessary for their restoration.

他又巩固了靠海的约培和位于阿左托边界的革则尔；敌人从前曾盘踞在那里，所以他就派犹太人居住在那里，凡他们所需要的一切，他都给他们准备了。

35 When the Jewish people saw Simon's loyalty and the glory he planned to bring to his nation, they made him their leader and high priest because of all he had accomplished and the loyalty and justice he had shown his nation. In every way he sought to exalt his people.

民众见到息孟的忠诚，及为自己民族所获得的光荣，便拥护他作自己的领袖和大司祭，因为他行了这一切事；因为他对自己的民族持守正义与忠诚；因为他想尽一切方法，高举自己的百姓。

36 ＂In his time and under his guidance they succeeded in driving the Gentiles out of their country, especially those in the City of David in Jerusalem, who had built for themselves a citadel from which they used to sally forth to defile the environs of the temple and inflict grave injury on its purity.

他在世时，凡他所行的无不顺利；他将异民从国内赶走，又赶走在耶路撒冷达味城内为自己建造堡垒的人，因为他们时常从堡垒里出来，污辱圣所的四周，侵犯圣所的圣洁。

37 In this citadel he stationed Jewish soldiers, and he strengthened its fortifications for the defense of the land and the city, while he also raised the wall of Jerusalem to a greater height.

他派犹太士兵在堡垒里驻守，为了国家与城邑的安全，还巩固了这座堡垒，更加高耶路撒冷的城垣。

38 Consequently, King Demetrius confirmed him in the high priesthood,

为此德默特琉王也委任他为大司祭，

39 made him one of his Friends, and conferred the highest honors on him.

将他列为自己朋友之一，加给他很大的光荣；

40 He had indeed heard that the Romans had addressed the Jews as friends, allies, and brothers and that they had received Simon's envoys with honor.

因为君王曾听说：罗马人称犹太人为朋友，为同盟，为兄弟；又听说他们曾热烈地欢迎息孟的使者。

41 ＂'The Jewish people and their priest have, therefore, made the following decisions. Simon shall be their permanent leader and high priest until a true prophet arises.

犹太人和司祭们，都喜欢息孟常作他们的领袖和大司祭，直到一位忠诚的先知兴起为止。

42 He shall act as governor general over them, and shall have charge of the temple, to make regulations concerning its functions and concerning the country, its weapons and strongholds,

也喜欢息孟作他们的统帅，要他管理圣所，要他委派人员执行政务，管理疆域、军械与堡垒；

43 he shall be obeyed by all. All contracts made in the country shall be dated by his name. He shall have the right to wear royal purple and gold ornaments.

喜欢他管理圣所，所有的人都听从他，都以他的名义，书写国内一切公文，并且使他穿上紫袍，戴上金饰。

44 It shall not be lawful for any of the people or priests to nullify any of these decisions, or to contradict the orders given by him, or to convene an assembly in the country without his consent, to be clothed in royal purple or wear an official gold brooch.

无论是平民或司祭，不得废除上述任何一项。他出的命令不得反对。没有他的许可，不得擅自在国内召集会议；不得身穿紫袍，头戴金冠。

45 Whoever acts otherwise or violates any of these prescriptions shall be liable to punishment.

若有人反对此事，或违犯其中任何一项，便是罪犯。

46 ＂'All the people approved of granting Simon the right to act in accord with these decisions,

全民众都赞成给予息孟按这些话实行的权柄。

47 5 and Simon accepted and agreed to act as high priest, governor general, and ethnarch of the Jewish people and priests and to exercise supreme authority over all.'＂

息孟接受了，也乐意作大司祭，作犹太人及众司祭的统帅和元首，主理一切事务。＂

48 It was decreed that this inscription should be engraved on bronze tablets, to be set up in a conspicuous place in the precincts of the temple,

遂命人将这篇文字，刻于铜版，嵌在圣所墙壁的显明处。

49 and that copies of it should be deposited in the treasury, where they would be available to Simon and his sons.

并将副本放在银库里，由息孟及其子孙保管。



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Footnotes（注解）

1 [1] The year one hundred and seventy-two: 141-140 B.C. The expedition began most probably in the spring of 140.

2 [2] Arsaces: Arsaces VI, also called Mithridates I, the Parthian king (171-138 B.C.). Parthians had overrun Persia and now held Babylonia, both of which had hitherto belonged to the Seleucid empire. The Greeks and Macedonians in these countries had appealed to Demetrius for help.

3 [16] The embassy to Rome and Sparta was sent soon after Simon's accession to power, and the replies were received before Demetrius' expedition (1 Macc 14:1-3)--probably in 142 B.C.

4 [27] Eighteenth day of Elul: September 13, 140 B.C. Asaramel: a Hebrew name meaning ＂court of the people of God.＂

5 [47] Ethnarch: a subaltern ruler over a racial group whose office needed confirmation by a higher authority within the empire.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 15

1 1 Antiochus, son of King Demetrius, sent a letter from the islands of the sea to Simon, the priest and ethnarch of the Jews, and to all the nation,

德默特琉王的儿子安提约古，从海岛上致书给犹太人的首领息孟大司祭，和一切犹太人民，

2 which read as follows: ＂King Antiochus sends greetings to Simon, the priest and ethnarch, and to the Jewish nation.

内容如下：＂安提约古王祝大司祭兼首领息孟及犹太人民安好！

3 Whereas certain villains have gained control of the kingdom of my ancestors, I intend to reclaim it, that I may restore it to its former state. I have recruited a large number of mercenary troops and equipped warships

昔日有些歹徒统治了我们的祖国，我决意要将王国夺回，恢复原状；为此我招募许多军队，准备许多战船，

4 to make a landing in my country and take revenge on those who have ruined it and laid waste many cities in my realm.

决意要登陆，向那些破坏了我国领土，使国内许多城邑变成废墟的人复仇。

5 ＂Now, therefore, I confirm to you all the tax exemptions that the kings before me granted you and whatever other privileges they conferred on you.

所以凡先王过去对你所豁免的一切赋税，对你所豁免的任何其他贡品，在我都加以追认。

6 I authorize you to coin your own money, as legal tender in your country.

我还准许你，为你本国铸造自己的货币。

7 Jerusalem and its temple shall be free. All the weapons you have prepared and all the strongholds you have built and now occupy shall remain in your possession.

耶路撒冷及圣所是自由区；凡你所制造的武器，所建筑的及你现在占据的堡垒，仍属于你。

8 All debts, present or future, due to the royal treasury shall be canceled for you, now and for all time.

凡你所欠王的债，以及你将来应给王缴纳的，自今以后永远豁免。

9 When we recover our kingdom, we will greatly honor you and your nation and the temple, so that your glory will be manifest in all the earth.＂

几时我们光复了王国，我还要更盛大光荣你、你的民族和圣殿，使你们的光荣彰显于天下。＂

10 2 In the year one hundred and seventy-four Antiochus invaded the land of his ancestors, and all the troops rallied to him, so that few were left with Trypho.

一百七十四年，安提约古进军祖国，一切军队都来归顺他，以致跟从特黎丰的人很少。

11 3 Pursued by Antiochus, Trypho fled to Dor, by the sea,

安提约古王追击他，他只得逃往临海的多辣去了，

12 realizing what a mass of troubles had come upon him now that his soldiers had deserted him.

因为他见祸患临头，军队又背离了他。

13 Antiochus encamped before Dor with a hundred and twenty thousand infantry and eight thousand horsemen.

安提约古面对多辣扎营，跟从他的有步兵十二万，骑兵八千。

14 While he invested the city, his ships closed in along the coast, so that he blockaded it by land and sea and let no one go in or out.

他将这城包围，海中的战船也在迫近，海陆一起夹攻，不准任何人出入。

15 Meanwhile, Numenius and his companions left Rome with letters such as this addressed to various kings and countries:

那时，奴默尼和他的同伴，从罗马回来，带着致众君王各邦国的书信，信上这样写到：

16 4 ＂Lucius, Consul of the Romans, sends greetings to King Ptolemy.

＂罗马执政路基犹祝仆托肋米王安好！

17 Certain envoys of the Jews, our friends and allies, have come to us to renew their earlier alliance of friendship. They had been sent by Simon the high priest and the Jewish people,

息孟大司祭和犹太人民派遣犹太使者，如我们的朋友与盟邦一样，来到我们这里，重订以前的友好同盟。

18 and they brought with them a gold shield worth a thousand minas.

他们还带来一座一千＂米乃＂的金盾。

19 Therefore we have decided to write to various kings and countries, that they are not to harm them, or wage war against them or their cities or their country, and are not to assist those who fight against them.

所以我们乐意写信通告各位君王，各邦国：不可对犹太人图谋不轨，不可攻打他们、他们的城邑和国家，也不可与他们的敌人缔结同盟。

20 We have also decided to accept the shield from them.

我们乐意接受他们的金盾。

21 If, then, any troublemakers from their country take refuge with you, hand them over to Simon the high priest, so that he may punish them according to their law.＂

所以若有歹徒，从他们国内逃到你们那里，你们应将他们交于息孟大司祭，使他按自己的法律惩治。＂

22 5 The consul sent similar letters to Kings Demetrius, Attalus, Ariarthes and Arsaces;

执政者也将这事，写给德默特琉王、阿塔路、阿黎雅辣特和阿尔撒革，

23 to all the countries--Sampsames, Sparta, Delos, Myndos, Sicyon, Caria, Samos, Pamphylia, Lycia, Halicarnassus, Rhodes, Phaselis, Cos, Side, Aradus, Gortyna, Cnidus, Cyprus, and Cyrene.

也写给各国，即散仆撒默、斯巴达人、得罗、明多、息基雍、加黎雅、撒摩、旁非里雅、里基雅、哈里加纳索、洛多、法色里、科斯、息德、阿辣多、哥尔提纳、克尼多、塞浦路斯、基肋乃等。

24 A copy of the letter was also sent to Simon the high priest.

他们还将这信给息孟大司祭抄写了一分。

25 When King Antiochus was encamped before Dor, he assaulted it continuously both with troops and with the siege machines he had made. He blockaded Trypho by preventing anyone from going in or out.

同时，安提约古在多辣附近扎营，不断进军攻城，并且制造军械，包围特黎丰使他不能出入。

26 Simon sent to Antiochus' support two thousand elite troops, together with gold and silver and much equipment.

这时息孟派精兵两千来助战，同时还赠送金银和大批武器。

27 But he refused to accept the aid; in fact, he broke all the agreements he had previously made with Simon and became hostile toward him.

无如安提约古不肯接受，反而废除了以前与息孟立订的一切盟约，待他如陌生人。

28 He sent Athenobius, one of his Friends, to confer with Simon and say: ＂You are occupying Joppa and Gazara and the citadel of Jerusalem; these are cities of my kingdom.

安提约古王派遣他的一个朋友阿特诺彼，去见他与他商讨说：你们占据了我王国的城邑约培革、则尔和在耶路撒冷的堡垒，

29 You have laid waste their territories, done great harm to the land, and taken possession of many districts in my realm.

蹂躏了那些区域，在国内制造了严重的灾祸，还在我王国内占领了许多地方。

30 Therefore, give up the cities you have seized and the tribute money of the districts outside the territory of Judea of which you have taken possession;

所以，现在你们应归还你们所夺去的城邑，并将你们在犹太境外由占领地区所收的税交出。

31 or instead, pay me five hundred talents of silver for the devastation you have caused and five hundred talents more for the tribute money of the cities. If you do not do this, we will come and make war on you.＂

若不然就，得付五百＂塔冷通＂银子作代价，再为因你们的破坏而遭的损失，及你们由城中所收的税，另缴五百；再不然我们就要来攻打你们。＂

32 So Athenobius, the king's Friend, came to Jerusalem and on seeing the splendor of Simon's court, the gold and silver plate on the sideboard, and the rest of his rich display, he was amazed. When he gave him the king's message,

王的朋友阿特诺彼来，到耶路撒冷，一见息孟的尊严、金杯银爵，以及许多侍从，很是惊奇，便向息孟报告了国王的话。

33 Simon said to him in reply: ＂We have not seized any foreign land; what we took is not the property of others, but our ancestral heritage which for a time had been unjustly held by our enemies.

息孟回答他说：＂我们从来没有侵占过外人的土地，也没有抢掠过别人的财物，那都是我们祖先的产业，不过被敌人无理地强占了一些时候，

34 Now that we have the opportunity, we are holding on to the heritage of our ancestors.

我们只乘机夺回我们的祖业而已，

35 As for Joppa and Gazara, which you demand, the men of these cities were doing great harm to our people and laying waste our country; however, we are willing to pay you a hundred talents for these cities.＂

至于你所要求的约培和革则尔，虽然二城严重地危害了人民和我国，但我们仍将付出一百＂塔冷通＂的代价。＂

36 Athenobius made no reply, but returned to the king in anger. When he told him of Simon's words, of his splendor, and of all he had seen, the king fell into a violent rage.

使者一句话也没有回答他，气愤地回到国王那里，将这些话和息孟的尊严，以及他所见的一切向他报告了；王即勃然大怒。

37 6 Trypho had gotten aboard a ship and escaped to Orthosia.

以后，特黎丰上船，逃到傲托息雅去了。

38 Then the king appointed Cendebeus commander-in-chief of the seacoast, and gave him infantry and cavalry forces.

王便委派耕德巴为海滨地带的总司令，将步兵和骑兵都交给他，

39 7 He ordered him to move his troops against Judea and to fortify Kedron and strengthen its gates, so that he could launch attacks against the Jewish people. Meanwhile the king went in pursuit of Trypho.

命令他面对犹太扎营，又命他修筑克德龙，巩固门户攻打犹太人民；然后，王亲自追赶特黎丰去了。

40 When Cendebeus came to Jamnia, he began to harass the people and to make incursions into Judea, where he took people captive or massacred them.

耕德巴来到雅木尼雅，开始骚扰百姓，侵入犹太，捕杀人民。

41 As the king ordered, he fortified Kedron and stationed horsemen and infantry there, so that they could go out and patrol the roads of Judea.

他按照王吩咐他的，修筑了克德龙，将骑兵与步兵屯驻在那里，以便巡逻犹太的通道。

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Footnotes（注解）

1 [1] Antiochus: Antiochus VII Sidetes, son of Demetrius I, and younger brother of Demetrius II, now a prisoner of the Parthians. At the age of twenty he set out from the island of Rhodes to take his brother's place and drive out the usurper Trypho.

2 [10] The year one hundred and seventy-four: 138 B.C.

3 [11] Dor, by the sea: a fortress on the Palestinian coast, fifteen miles south of Carmel.

4 [16] Lucius: Perhaps Lucius Caecilius Metellus, consul in 142 B.C., or Lucius Calpurnicus Piso, consul in 140-139 B.C. This document pertains to Simon's first years as leader.

5 [22] Attalus: Attalus II of Pergamum, reigned 159-138 B.C. Ariarthes: Ariarthes V of Cappadocia, reigned 162-130 B.C. Arsaces: see note on 1 Macc 14:2.

6 [37] Orthosia: a port between Tripoli and the Eleutherus River.

7 [39] Kedron: a few miles southeast of Jamnia and facing the fortress of Gazara held by John Hyrcanus.

1 Maccabees
Chapter 16

1 John then went up from Gazara and told his father Simon what Cendebeus was doing.

若望由革则尔上来，将耕德巴所作的事，报告给父亲息孟；

2 Simon called his two oldest sons, Judas and John, and said to them: "I and my brothers and my father's house have fought the battles of Israel from our youth until today, and many times we succeeded in saving Israel.

息孟就叫来自己的两个大儿子犹大和若望，向他们说：“我与我的兄弟和我父的全家，从幼年一直到今天，攻打了以色列的仇人，事在我们手里很是顺利，因此我们屡次拯救了以色列。

3 I have now grown old, but you, by the mercy of Heaven, have come to man's estate. Take my place and my brother's, and go out and fight for our nation; and may the help of Heaven be with you!"

现在我老了，因上天的仁慈，你们正在壮年，你们要代替我和我的兄弟，出去为我们的民族作战，愿上天的助佑常与你们同在。”

4 John then mustered in the land twenty thousand warriors and horsemen. Setting out against Cendebeus, they spent the night at Modein,

息孟从国中选出两万步兵和骑兵，便向耕德巴进军，当晚在摩丁过宿。

5 rose early, and marched into the plain. There, facing them, was an immense army of foot soldiers and horsemen, and between the two armies was a stream.

清早起来，进军平原时，看有一大队步兵和骑兵与他们相遇，双方之间只隔着一条小河。

6 John and his men took their position against the enemy. Seeing that his men were afraid to cross the stream, John crossed first. When his men saw this, they crossed over after him.

若望与部队遂面对敌人扎营。他见部队不敢过河，就自己先过去，众人见他如此，也就随着他过去。

7 Then he divided his infantry into two corps and put his cavalry between them, for the enemy's horsemen were very numerous.

他把部队分开，将骑兵分布在步兵中间，因为敌人的骑兵非常多。

8 They blew the trumpets, and Cendebeus and his army were put to flight; many of them fell wounded, and the rest fled toward the stronghold.

号角一响，一起进攻，耕德巴和他的军队败退，伤亡甚众，剩下的便逃到堡垒里。

9 It was then that John's brother Judas fell wounded; but John pursued them until Cendebeus reached Kedron, which he had fortified.

那时，若望因哥哥犹大受了伤，就去追赶他们，一直追到耕德巴修建的克德龙。

10 Some took refuge in the towers on the plain of Azotus, but John set fire to these, and about two thousand of the enemy perished. He then returned to Judea in peace.

还有些敌人逃到阿左托田野间的碉楼里去，若望放火将它烧了，敌军大约死了两千人，然后若望平安回到犹太。

11 Ptolemy, son of Abubus, had been appointed governor of the plain of Jericho, and he had much silver and gold,

阿步波的儿子仆托肋米受任为耶里哥平原的总督，他金银很多，

12 being the son-in-law of the high priest.

因为他是大司祭的女婿。

13 But he became ambitious and sought to get control of the country. So he made treacherous plans to do away with Simon and his sons.

这人心高气傲，想作全国之主，企图用诡计陷害息孟和他的儿子们，将他们除掉。

14 1 As Simon was inspecting the cities of the country and providing for their needs, he and his sons Mattathias and Judas went down to Jericho in the year one hundred and seventy-seven, in the eleventh month (that is, the month Shebat).

那时，息孟正在出巡全国各城，料理各城的事务；一百七十七年十一月，即“舍巴特”月，息孟与他的儿子玛塔提雅和犹大下去，到了耶里哥。

15 2 The son of Abubus gave them a deceitful welcome in the little stronghold called Dok which he had built. While serving them a sumptuous banquet, he had his men hidden there.

阿步波的儿子，便用诡计将他们接到自己建造而名叫多克的小堡垒里，给他们大摆盛筵，并在那里埋伏下一些人。

16 Then, when Simon and his sons had drunk freely, Ptolemy and his men sprang up, weapons in hand, rushed upon Simon in the banquet hall, and killed him, his two sons, and some of his servants.

当息孟和他的儿子们都喝醉时，仆托肋米同部下起来，拿着武器进了餐厅，冲向息孟就将他与他的两个儿子，以及他的几个侍从都杀了。

17 By this vicious act of treason he repaid good with evil.

他作这严重背信负义的事，实在是以恶报善。

18 Then Ptolemy wrote an account of this and sent it to the king, asking that troops be sent to help him and that the country be turned over to him.

于是仆托肋米写信将这事呈报给国王：以便给他派兵前来助战，好将他们的国土和城邑交给国王。

19 He sent other men to Gazara to do away with John. To the army officers he sent letters inviting them to come to him so that he might present them with silver, gold, and gifts.

他另派人到革则尔去杀害若望；又给千夫长去信，叫他们来归顺自己，也送给他们金银和礼物。

20 He also sent others to seize Jerusalem and the mount of the temple.

又派人去占领耶路撒冷和圣殿山。

21 But someone ran ahead and brought word to John at Gazara that his father and his brothers had perished, and that Ptolemy had sent men to kill him also.

但是早已有人先到了革则尔，把他父亲和兄弟被杀的消息，报告给若望，而且还说：“他还派人来杀害你。”

22 On hearing this, John was utterly astounded. When the men came to kill him, he had them arrested and put to death, for he knew what they meant to do.

若望听后大惊，便捉住来杀害他的人，将他们杀了，因为他已经知道他们图谋杀害他。

23 3 Now the rest of the history of John, his wars and the brave deeds he performed, his rebuilding of the walls, and his other achievements-

若望其余的言行、战功，所行的英勇事迹，修筑的城垣，以及他的所作所为，

24 these things are recorded in the chronicle of his pontificate, from the time that he succeeded his father as high priest.

都记载在他承继他父亲为大司祭后，任大司祭的年鉴上。



Previous Chapter The Book of 2 Maccabees

Footnotes（注解）

1 [14] In the year one hundred and seventy-seven, in the eleventh month: January-February, 134 B.C., by the temple calendar.

2 [15] Dok: a fortress built on a cliff three miles northwest of Jericho, near modern Ain Duq.

3 [23-24] John Hyrcanus was ruler and high priest from 134 B.C. till his death in 104 B.C. These verses suggest that the book was written, or at least completed, only after he died.